Bone Atrophy

This study aims to evaluate and compare the quantity of the radiographic horizontal bone gain of severely deficient complete maxillary ridges reconstructed by bone block harvest from the iliac crest versus the calvarial bones

Dental implants are worldwide recognized one of the best manners to replace lost or hopeless prognosis teeth. There are different variables that creates proper conditions for long-term prognosis of implant treatments. Implant position and surrounding bone around them, have been described in scientific literature to be key factors in the longevity of those treatments. It has to be defined the \"critical bone thickness\" around implants. It basically means that implants has to be completely surrounded by bone, that will serve as protection. If the implants are not surrounded by bone, procedures as guided bone regeneration may be performed. Those procedures can be executed before or simultaneously during the implant placement. In the standard procedure, the simultaneous guided bone regeneration during implant placement requires to leave the implant and the regeneration healing below the gingiva, needing a second surgery for accesing to those implants. In this randomized controlled trial the hypothesis is to discover if not submerging this regenerations may show the same results than submerged ones. For that, the objective is to study the different variables around these regeneration to evaluate the performance of non-submerged protocol.

Following a review of the scientific literature, it was found that there are no clinical studies but only in vitro and in vivo studies, which show promising results in terms of bone formation and integration. However, it is necessary to evaluate how well the regenerated bone maintains its structural integrity over time, considering masticatory function and real-life biomechanics. Factors such as mechanical load, remodeling dynamics, and interactions with surrounding tissues could influence the long-term stability of the regenerated bone. Additionally, another important aspect to study is the potential complications and adverse effects associated with the use of the flexible HAp-based composite.