Child Health

Children today spend many hours sitting at school and at home, often in front of screens. Prolonged sitting in childhood increases the risk of future health problems such as diabetes, heart disease and poor mental wellbeing. MAFF is a simple school-to-home programme that teaches short, practical movement breaks in the classroom and encourages families to repeat them together at home through structured weekly challenges. Over 12 weeks, we will compare classes using MAFF with classes continuing as usual to assess whether children sit less, move more and improve their wellbeing. If effective, MAFF will provide schools and communities with an easy-to-implement toolkit to promote healthier and more active families.

The Decide-TB project aims to generate evidence for the implementation of a comprehensive Treatment Decision Algorithms (TDA) based approach for TB in children living in high TB burden and resource-limited countries, at District Hospital (DH) and Primary Health Centre (PHC) levels, and to facilitate the integration of this evidence within practices and policies. This programmatic pilot led by the National TB Programs (NTP) will test a TDA-based approach integrating TB screening, diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and disease severity assessment for shorter treatment eligibility, for use at a lower level of healthcare. This TDA-based approach will be evaluated in a hybrid effectiveness implementation study based on a pragmatic stepped wedge cluster-randomized trial. The Decide TB project will be implemented at the district level, targeting five districts in each country. Each cluster in a district will be made up of one district hospital and six primary health centers. The study will develop a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) to operationalize the use of TDAs, and strengthen District Health Information Systems (DHIS2) to collect individual data, which will contribute to monitoring and evaluation, clinical mentoring, and supervision by the country's NTPs.

This study aims to evaluate the effect of a mobile application developed for obese children on eating attitudes, eating awareness, and healthy eating self-efficacy. The application seeks to support children in developing healthy eating habits and to integrate nursing interventions with digital health technologies in combating obesity. Data will be collected through a researcher-developed Information Form and three validated scales: the Eating Attitude Test, the Eating Awareness Scale, and the Healthy Eating Self-Efficacy Scale, completed by both children and parents.

Early childhood is a critical period, laying the foundation for future growth and deveopment. This foundational period has an outsized effect, impacting health, well-being and achievement across one's lifespan. The U.S. lacks a cohesive early childhood system to support families with young children ages 0-5. The goal of this randomized controlled trial(RCT) is to test if community-based support via community health workers(CHWs) improves social and health services utilization, and child development. Furthermore, the trial will examine if income support enhances the impact of a CHW integrated system. Participants are English and Spanish speaking families with healthy newborns. This RCT was designed based on family priorities, community capacity and needs in a collective impact model. This trial is anchored at a university based children's hospital and involves many partners: families, county health, county leadership, a leading early childhood non-profit organization, the county's Medicaid managed care organization.

Investigators hypothesize that in a low-resource setting, linking ambulances that transport acutely ill children to a remote pediatric emergency physician using a simple audio-video device will improve the quality of these children's medical decisions and health outcomes. For this purpose, the investigators will conduct a study in Karachi, Pakistan, where they will collect medical data for ill children at the time of ambulance pickup, hospital drop-off, and during hospital triage. During transport, one group will receive a telemedicine call from a trained physician, while the other group will receive basic paramedic treatment. The investigators will then compare both groups.

Early life exposures may lead to adverse effects on health in later life. The Boston birth Cohort study is designed to study a broad array of early life factors and their effects on maternal and child health outcomes.

Generation Victoria (GenV) is a longitudinal, population-based study of Victorian children and their parents that will bring together data on a wide range of conditions ,exposures and outcomes. GenV blends study-collected, study-enhanced and linked data. It will be multi-purpose, supporting observational, interventional, health services and policy research within the same cohort. It is designed to address physical, mental and social issues experienced during childhood, as well as the antecedents of a wide range of diseases of ageing. It seeks to generate translatable evidence (prediction, prevention, treatments, services) to improve future wellbeing and reduce the future disease burden of children and adults. The GenV Cohort 2020s is open to all children born over a two-year period, and their parents, residing in the state of Victoria Australia. The GenV Cohort 2020s is preceded by an Advance Cohort of children born between 5 Dec 2020 and 3 October 2021, and their parents. This comprises all families recruited at GenV's Vanguard hospital (Joan Kirner Women's and Children's) and at birthing hospitals throughout Victoria as GenV scaled up to commence recruiting for the GenV Cohort 2020s. The Advance Cohort have ongoing and full participation in GenV for their lifetime unless they withdraw but may have less complete data and biosamples.

Background: We aim to examine the effectiveness of Learning Through Play and Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (LTP+CaCBT), a culturally appropriate psychosocial intervention to address postnatal depression among Nigerian women and improve the well-being of their children. Women of reproductive age (ages 16 to 49) comprise about 60 million of Nigeria's 230 million people. About 30% of these mothers experience postnatal depression. The global health challenge our research addresses is that one in three women worldwide experience postnatal depression and suicidal thoughts after childbirth, with long-term negative consequences on their children and families. Since 30% of Nigerian mothers suffer from postnatal depression, they have significant risks of transferring intergenerational mental health problems to their children. Over 250 million children are at risk of lacking developmental support in low- or middle-income countries, including Nigeria, due to postnatal depression, and this limits the children from reaching their full potential in life. The treatment gap for postnatal depression in Nigeria is huge due to a shortage of mental health specialists. Culturally appropriate, nonspecialist-delivered interventions are very limited in Nigeria. Our proposal aims to address this gap in treating postnatal depression using non-specialists called Indigenous Community Health Workers (CHWs), who are more culturally knowledgeable, as the World Health Organisation recommended in their task-shifting strategy. Methods: We will evaluate the treatment, costs and implementation outcomes of LTP+CaCBT with 432 depressed mothers. Eligible participants (mother-child pairs) will be randomly selected to receive LTP+CaCBT and Treatment As Usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Our LTP+CaCBT intervention is a manualised 12-session (90-minute each) of mother-child play activities delivered in-person by CHWs under the supervision of clinical psychologists/psychiatrists. The eligible mothers (aged 16-49 years who have children between ages 0-36 months) will be assessed for depression before the intervention and then again at 4 months and 6 months afterwards. We will conduct interviews and focus group discussions to understand participants' and CHWs' experiences of the intervention

235 / 5.000 Investigators aimed to reduce the risk of obesity by trying a new intervention method that is role-play based, interactive and fun with age-appropriate play materials, considering that learning through play is more efficient.

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the health-related effects of an exercise intervention in children aged 5-8 years. Main research questions: * Does a municipality-driven exercise intervention improve physical activity levels in children? * Does a municipality-driven exercise intervention improve sleep parameters in children? * Does a municipality-driven exercise intervention improve eating behaviors in children? * Does a municipality-driven exercise intervention improve quality of life in children? Study Design: Participants will be assigned to either: * Intervention group: Attend 1-2 weekly sessions of 45-60 minutes of child-friendly exercise for 1 year. * Control group: Receive no intervention. Data Collection: Participants will: * Complete questionnaires at baseline, and at 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year follow-ups. * Wear accelerometers for 7 consecutive days at baseline, and at 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year follow-ups.