Chronic Kidney Disease (Stages 3b-5)

Objectives: This pilot study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in dialysis patients and atrial fibrillation (AF) to establish a novel stroke prevention strategy and determine an optimal post-occlusion antithrombotic regime. Page 3 of 50 Hypothesis: The study tests the hypotheses that LAAO is safe for dialysis patients, that a single antiplatelet regimen postprocedure is safe, and that LAAO effectively reduces the composite endpoint of stroke/transient ischemic attack and major bleeding compared to standard care. Instruments: The study employs a multicenter, single-arm prospective registry design. Eligible participants, aged ≥18 with documented AF and ESRF on peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD), will undergo LAAO using the Watchman Flx PRO device. Propensity score matched historical cohort from dialysis registry will be identified for comparison. Main Outcome Measures: The primary endpoint is the composite of stroke/transient ischemic attack/systemic embolism and non-procedural-related major bleeding at one year. Secondary endpoints include individual rates of these events, procedural safety and device occlusion effectiveness. Data Analysis and Expected Results: Statistical analysis will involve descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, and propensity score matching. A p-value of \<0.05 will be deemed significant. The pilot study anticipates a low peri-procedural complication rate (≤5%) and confirms LAAO's efficacy in stroke and major bleeding reduction in Chinese PD and HD patients compared to standard care. This data will inform the design of a larger randomized controlled trial aimed at validating LAAO as a safe alternative for AF management in dialysis populations.

The clinical trial will be conducted in a real-world outpatients setting with the goal of learning if monitoring serum potassium frequently among patients with moderate-to-advanced stages of chronic kidney disease leading to optimal management of hyperkalemia (the reduced occurrence of serum potassium ≥ 5.0 mmol/L during 6 months of follow-up). It will also learn about the adherence of using a mobile monitoring device. Participants will: * Measure their serum potassium using an AI-enhanced point-of-care ECG device at least twice per week * Receive health education prompts to reduce intake of potassium rich foods if their electrocardiogram device measured serum potassium is abnormal * Receive alerts to visit nephrology clinic if their electrocardiogram device measured serum potassium is continuously abnormal