Cognition Disorders

The aging of China's rural population is severe, with both the prevalence and mortality rates of dementia higher in rural areas than in urban areas. Motor Cognitive Risk Syndrome (MCR), as a novel pre-dementia syndrome characterized by both subjective cognitive decline and slow gait, represents a "golden window of opportunity" for the early prevention and treatment of dementia. Currently, there is no specific pharmacological treatment for MCR; non-pharmacological interventions, particularly exercise interventions, are key strategies. Moderate-intensity aerobic calisthenics, which integrates music, dance, and gymnastic elements, is economical, simple, highly engaging, safe, and has demonstrated potential for improving both cognitive and gait function, making it especially suitable for promotion in resource-limited rural settings. However, there is a lack of systematic, theory-guided exercise intervention protocols and effectiveness validation for rural older adults with MCR. Therefore, this study aims to develop and validate a moderate-intensity aerobic calisthenics intervention protocol tailored to this population.

This is a randomized clinical trial of a treatment that combines non-invasive brain stimulation with computerized cognitive training (CCT) for people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The form of brain stimulation used in this study is accelerated intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS). All participants receive the same amount of iTBS and are randomly assigned to engage in one of two types of CCT. The goals of the study are to see if this combined treatment is feasible and acceptable to people with MCI and whether combined iTBS and CCT improves memory, thinking skills, mood, and daily function.

The aim of this project is to explore whether vision correction can effectively slow cognitive decline in older adults. The primary question it seeks to answer is: Can providing free near and/or distance vision correction glasses to older adults with refractive errors or uncorrected vision, who have normal baseline cognition and hearing, reduce the rate of cognitive decline over 36 months in a cost-effective manner? Researchers will compare the rate of cognitive decline over 36 months between older adults who receive refractive correction and those who do not.

This clinical trial aims to investigate whether transcranial electrical stimulation (tDCS) combined with transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS) has an impact on the cognitive and motor functions of stroke patients, and to evaluate the safety of this protocol. The main objective is to answer the following question: Can electromagnetic combined stimulation of the left Dorsolateral prefrontal lobe(DLPFC) improve the performance of working memory, motor function and cognitively motor dual tasks in stroke patients? What is its mechanism of action? Participants will undergo a combined real or sham electromagnetic stimulation of 20 minutes of tDCS and 40 seconds of TMS once a day for 7 days. Researchers will compare the effects of real stimulation with sham stimulation to see if the real stimulation can bring better results to patients. Clinical evaluations (cognitive and motor scales) and functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy(fNIRS) were conducted before and after stimulation to record relevant brain activities

This clinical trial aims to explore the effect of dual-site theta-gamma cross-frequency coupled transcranial alternating current stimulation in the frontal and parietal region on the working memory ability of patients with cognitive impairment after stroke, and to evaluate the safety of this protocol. The main purpose is to answer the following question: Can dual-site cross-frequency coupled tACS in the frontal parietal region improve the performance of working memory and cognitive-motor dual tasks in stroke patients? What is its mechanism of action? Researchers will compare the effects of real cross-frequency coupled stimuli and sham stimuli to see if the real stimuli can bring better results to patients. Participants will receive 40 minutes of real or sham electrical stimulation once a day for 5 consecutive days. Clinical evaluations (cognitive scales) and fNIRS were conducted respectively before and after stimulation to record the relevant brain activities at rest and during cognitive tasks

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as a non-invasive and non-contrast enhanced technique, has the potential to improve patient health care and management. The overall objective of proposed project is to: 1. develop, customize, and optimize anatomic and functional MRI methods, 2. explore the use of MRI methods to study CKD and evaluate post-transplant kidneys, and 3. investigate the potential of MRI in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of the progression of renal dysfunction. In addition to direct studies of the kidney, brain MRI studies will also be performed to identify the cerebrovascular and cognitive effects of chronic renal function deficiency and medical treatment (e.g. hemodialysis and immunosuppression). The brain and kidneys have similar vascular bed, and both are susceptible to vascular injury, which provides the pathological basis for the widely recognized association of reduced renal function with prevalent cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs) and cognitive impairment (CI). The MRI methods in the brain will be applied to explore the origins for widely observed CVDs and prevalent cognitive impairment (CI) in kidney disease patients.

Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a chronic condition that affects behavior, decision-making, and the ability to adapt to changing situations. While many studies have examined AUD from medical and social perspectives, less is known about how individual psychological traits influence the way people with AUD respond to uncertainty and adapt their behavior. This study aims to better understand how personal characteristics such as anxiety, self-esteem, sensitivity to reward and punishment, perfectionism, and cognitive abilities may influence adaptation processes in individuals with AUD. Participants receiving usual care at Paul Brousse Hospital will be invited to take part in a single experimental session lasting about 45 minutes. During this session, they will complete: * A computerized learning task in which they respond to visual stimuli and receive feedback on their performance * Standardized questionnaires assessing psychological traits and cognitive functioning The learning task is designed to evaluate how participants adjust their behavior when the rules of the task change unexpectedly. Researchers will measure how performance changes in response to uncertainty and examine how these changes relate to individual psychological characteristics. This research does not modify participants' medical care and involves no medication or invasive procedures. By improving understanding of the cognitive and behavioral mechanisms involved in Alcohol Use Disorder, the study may help advance scientific knowledge about how individuals adapt to uncertainty and inform future research in addiction and mental health.

The Westlake Ageing Cohort (WeAC) is a longitudinal cohort study conducted in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. The investigators aim to enroll 2,800 participants aged 55 years and older for long-term follow-up. The population will include individuals with neurodegenerative diseases or those at the prodromal stage of cognitive impairment, as well as healthy middle-aged and older adults serving as controls. The investigators will collect their sociodemographic, dietary, lifestyle, clinical, and neuroimaging data, as well as biological samples.

This study investigates the effects of a symbotic supplement (Inulin + Lactobacillus acidophilus) on cognitive impairment in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by insulin deficiency or resistance, leading to hyperglycemia and long-term complications, including cognitive decline. Cognitive impairment in T2DM patients is linked to oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and disrupted insulin signaling in the brain. The gut-brain axis plays a crucial role in cognition, with gut microbiota influencing neuroinflammatory processes. Dysbiosis, common in T2DM, exacerbates cognitive decline. Probiotics like Lactobacillus acidophilus and prebiotics like inulin can restore gut microbiota balance, reduce inflammation, and promote brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) production, improving cognitive function. This randomized, crossover clinical trial will enroll 24 patients aged 50-65 with T2DM and mild cognitive impairment. Participants will be divided into control and experimental groups, with an 8-week intervention phase followed by a crossover. The experimental group will receive 8g of inulin and L. acidophilus daily, while the control group will receive a placebo. Cognitive assessments (MMSE, MoCA), PET-CT imaging, gut microbiota sequencing, and butyrate measurements will evaluate the intervention's effects. The study aims to determine whether symbiotic supplementation can improve cognitive function and metabolic brain activity in T2DM patients. If successful, it may offer an accessible, non-pharmacological approach to mitigating diabetes-related cognitive decline. The research is funded by the Universidad Anáhuac Health Sciences Research Center and international diabetes research organizations.

This observational cohort study is designed to validate the CogCheck application as a risk prediction tool for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.