Colonic Neoplasms

Background: Mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer that grows in the linings of the body; this can include the membranes that line the heart, lungs, and internal organs. Mesothelin (MSLN) is a protein that appears in high numbers in many tumors, including mesothelioma. Researchers are developing a new treatment that collects a person s own immune cells (T cells); the T cells are genetically modified to target and kill tumor cells with high levels of MSLN. Objective: To test a new treatment (TNhYP218 CAR T cells) in people with solid tumors including mesothelioma. Eligibility: People aged 18 and older with solid tumors including mesothelioma that returned or spread after standard treatment. Design: Participants will be screened. A small piece of tissue will be cut from a tumor (biopsy). The sample will be tested to see if it has enough MSLN. Participants will undergo leukapheresis: Blood will be taken from their body through a vein. The blood will pass through a machine that separates out the T cells. The remaining blood will be returned to the body through a different vein. Participant s T cells will be modified in a lab to produce TNhYP218 CAR T cells. Participants will enter the hospital. For 7 days, they will receive drugs to prepare their bodies for the study treatment. TNhYP218 CAR T cells will be administered into a vein. Participants will remain in the hospital for at least 7 more days. After discharge, participants will have follow-up visits for 5 years. These visits may include imaging scans, blood and heart tests, and a new biopsy. Long-term follow-up will continue another 10 years....

This study aims to elucidate whether there is a difference in long-term prognosis between laparoscopic surgery and open surgery in colon cancer patients with visceral obesity.

Colon cancer is the second most common cancer in men and women. It is a disease that can be prevented if it is found early. Colonoscopy is still the best screening tool for colon cancer and the polyps that turn into colon cancer. However, due to a variety of factors, including affordability, time, and age, not all patients are able to be screened. Researchers are working on other options for early detection that are as accurate as colonoscopy. The purpose of this study if to determine if stool or blood can be used to detect colon cancers as early or earlier than colonoscopy. The researchers plan to use these samples to learn about specific proteins (also known as biomarkers) that may indicate colon polyps, colon cancer or an increased risk of developing colon cancer. In order to learn more about preventing and detecting colon and rectal cancer, we are collecting samples from subjects with cancer, adenomas, and colonoscopies who may be at risk for polyps.

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of perioperative dostarlimab compared with standard of care (SOC) in participants with untreated T4N0 or Stage III (resectable), defective mismatch repair/ microsatellite instability high (dMMR/MSI-H) colon cancer.

The proposed study is examining strategies for optimizing mailed fecal immunochemical test (FIT) programs. In doing so, it will assess the efficacy of two promising strategies, FIT kit materials and patient navigation delivery mode. These strategies may help to improve colorectal cancer screening rates.

To goal of this clinical trial is to quantify the dose-response effects of aerobic exercise training compared to attention control on chemotherapy relative dose intensity in colon cancer survivors.

The study aims to retrospectively investigate the endoscopic resection procedures of cancerous and precancerous lesions of the upper and lower digestive tract in order to evaluate the efficacy and safety outcomes and to compare different resection techniques. In particular, the resection techniques investigated will be mucosectomy, en bloc and piecemeal, endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) and its variants, full-thickness resection. The anatomical districts involved will be the esophagus, stomach, duodenum, colon and rectum.

Building on earlier exploratory work, this study further designs a multi-institutional, prospective, randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of the immune checkpoint inhibitor Tislelizumab with CAPOX for neoadjuvant treatment in high-risk locally advanced MSS-type colorectal cancer, as well as its impact on patient outcomes. This study aims to provide new evidence for the clinical practice of treating MSS-type colorectal cancer.

The goal of this clinical trial is to quantify the effects of aerobic exercise training compared to attention control on intermuscular adipose tissue in colorectal cancer survivors.

Cancer can develop in the colon, or large bowel. Examination of the colon with a tube fitted with a camera is called a colonoscopy. Colonoscopy allows detection of small growths in the colon, called "polyps". Polyps can often be removed during colonoscopy. Some of these polyps are called adenomas and can become cancer after several years. A good colonoscopy aims to find and take out as many of these polyps as possible. A quality indication of colonoscopy is the "adenoma detection rate" (ADR). It should be high, meaning many polyps are detected and taken out. New artificial intelligence devices to assist colonoscopy seem to increase the ADR, and maybe help prevent cancer even better than normal colonoscopy. The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the ADR when using standard colonoscopy to the ADR with artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted colonoscopy.

The primary goal of this study is to estimate the effectiveness of a medical decision support system based on artificial intelligence in the endoscopic diagnosis of benign tumors. Researchers will compare Adenoma detection rate between "artificial intelligence - assisted colonoscopy" and "conventional colonoscopy" groups to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of artificial intelligence model.

This three parallel-arms, randomized, multicenter trial is aimed at investigating the value of AI-assisted optical biopsy for differentiating between neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps which will lead to the implementation of cost-saving strategies in screening programs. A cost-effectiveness analyses with the use of modern trial emulation analyses of large observational and clinical trial datasets and real-cost data will be conducted. To improve personalized treatment with a novel colonoscopy CADx risk-prediction tool, the investigators will even develop a novel deep learning algorithm for the optical biopsy of the alternative pathway of colorectal cancer carcinogenesis, namely the serrated pathway and develop cost-effectiveness models of AI-assisted optical biopsy in colorectal cancer screening that provides reliable information to identify cancer risk regardless of physicians' skill.