Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) Surgery

This prospective, randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group study compares the postoperative analgesic efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided bilateral Erector Spinae Plane Block (ESPB) versus bilateral Serratus Posterior Superior Intercostal Plane Block (SPSIPB) in adult patients (45-85 years, ASA I-III) undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery. The primary outcome is postoperative pain intensity assessed by Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, and 48 hours after surgery. Secondary outcomes include intraoperative fentanyl/remifentanil consumption, postoperative morphine consumption, patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) demand/delivery parameters (if PCA is used), need for rescue analgesics, extubation and mobilization times, peak inspiratory flow measured by incentive spirometry at predefined time points, ICU and hospital length of stay, recovery quality (QoR-15 at 0, 24, and 48 hours), mortality, and block-related adverse events.

The aim of the present study is to investigate intra-operative changes in markers of myocardial injury during ischemia and reperfusion, comparing three methods of myocardial protection; St. Thomas' cold crystalloid cardioplegia, Calafiore warm blood cardioplegia, or modified del Nido cold blood cardioplegia in routine coronary artery bypass grafting procedures.

The purpose of the trial is to evaluate the feasibility and safety of multiple Elana Anastomotic Systems to anastomose multiple arterial grafts during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). In the first trial performed with the Elana Anastomotic System, the SAFE-CAB trial, only a single anastomosis with the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) was created with the system to the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery or a large Diagonal side-branch of the LAD. This is the most important bypass for patients, often described as the anastomosis that guarantees the survival of patients. However, often multiple anastomoses need to be created during bypass surgery. In the previous study, those anastomoses were performed using vein grafts with standard-of-care hand-sewn techniques. A large body of evidence exists indicating that arterial grafts provide better long-term outcomes for patients undergoing CABG procedures, mainly using the right internal mammary artery (RIMA), but also the Radial Artery, for anastomosis to the Circumflex (Cx) artery and sometimes the Right Coronary Artery. With assurance of safety and effectiveness of the Elena Anastomotic System for LIMA-to-LAD anastomoses and the similarity of the LIMA-to-LAD anastomosis to other arterial anastomoses (e.g., RIMA-to-Cx and RA-to-RCA) as a result of similar vessel diameters and anatomical features, the Elana Anastomotic System is considered to be suitable for multi-arterial bypass procedures. Therefore, this study aims to expand on the evidence of using the Elana Anastomotic System in a more complete multi-arterial CABG operation, where two or three anastomoses will be created with the Elana Anastomotic System in order to present a more comprehensive solution.