Dental Fear and Anxiety

This study is a randomized clinical trial investigating the effectiveness of a Sensory Adapted Dental Environment (SADE) alone and together with a video-based modeling (VBM) component (VBM-SADE), compared to a regular dental environment (RDE) and/or VBM alone, to reduce anxiety, distress behavior, pain, and sensory discomfort during a dental cleaning in children with and without dental fear and anxiety.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether aromatherapy using lemongrass or lavender essential oils can reduce dental anxiety and pain perception in children aged 7-11 years undergoing local anesthetic administration in a pediatric dental setting. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does lemongrass or lavender aromatherapy reduce anxiety levels, as measured by salivary cortisol, in children receiving local anesthesia? Does aromatherapy influence pain perception and physiological stress (heart rate) during the procedure? Researchers will compare a lavender aromatherapy group, a lemongrass aromatherapy group, and a control group without aromatherapy to see if the essential oils have a calming effect that reduces anxiety and pain compared to no intervention. Participants will: Inhale either lavender, lemongrass, or no essential oil (control) for two minutes via nebulizer. Undergo local anesthesia administration for a dental procedure. Provide unstimulated and stimulated saliva samples before and after the procedure for cortisol analysis. Report their pain level using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale. Have their heart rate measured before and after the procedure using a finger-type pulse oximeter.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if audio-visual method of distraction is useful to control the pain and fear associated with dental treatment in children. The main questions it aims to answer are: • How their body reacts-such as changes in heart rate, oxygen levels, and certain chemicals in their saliva-before and after getting local anesthesia? Researchers will test two types of glasses that display cartoons to help children feel less anxious. Participants will: * Have an introductory visit to be more familiar with dental environment and their cooperation will be tested. * In the next 2 visits they will wear either of the glasses while receiving local anesthesia * Saliva will be collected, and their heart rate and oxygen levels will be calculated each time