Diversity

To date, there has not been an assessment of ASA members to determine satisfaction with DEI and cultural humility/structural competency education within institutions and programs. We developed a 24-question survey that will be distributed via email to current members of the American Society of Anesthesiologists. Members include learners at all levels - medical students, residents and fellows - as well as attending anesthesiologists, CRNAs, research staff etc. The survey questions are aimed to assess the current state of diversity training in anesthesiology education. This survey serves as a needs assessment and will help gather information on the current state of DEI education within the specialty. The results of the survey will serve as an impetus for improvement in this domain by developing novel educational modules and workshops on these topics, at the institutional level and nationwide.

The purpose of this randomized controlled trial is to establish the effectiveness of a culturally targeted and individually tailored behavioral intervention to promote maternal glucose metabolism in African American women.

An overactive bladder (OAB) is a condition characterized by frequent en nightly voiding, small bladder capacity and the occurrence of sudden urge to void, with or without urinary incontinence. The prevalence of OAB with bothersome complaints is around 11% in women and 9% in men with an increasing incidence with age. OAB is not an illness or disease but nevertheless had a significant impact on both the individual as society. First-line treatment for OAB consists out of behavioral and physiotherapy. Anticholinergic medication can be associated to improve bothersome symptoms, but has the downside of causing unwanted side effects. If the formentioned treatment is not sufficient, second line treatment can be discussed. Depending on the patient's characteristics and the physician's preference intravesical injections of Botox or the implantation of a sacral neuromodulator (SNM) can be considered. Both options are equal and effective, but many individual differences exist in preference. Regarding outcome, some factors have been described to prefer one therapy above the other, for example in case of concomitant fecal incontinence, frequent urinary tract infections,… The personal preference of doctors and patients has been investigated, but currently no study has focused on therapy preference in a culturally and linguistic divers (CALD) population. The latter broadly describes a population with ethnical, cultural, religious and/or language characteristics and is a general accepted measure of diversity. In the current study, the investigators aim to describe the different (dis)advantages of both second line treatments for OAB in a discrete choice experiment. The study population will consist of a diverse group of patients with OAB from different hospitals. The goal is to investigate if CALD patients make a different choice in treatment and what factors contribute to that decision in order to provide more tailored information regarding the treatment options in the future. Taking a patient's context into account in the shared decision making between a patient and physician increases therapy compliance and satisfaction of the chosen treatment. The total questionnaire will consist out of general demographic info, the EQ-5D, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (ICIQ)-OAB and the discrete choice questionnaire in which patients make a choice between two fictional treatment options consisting of a combination of different therapy characteristics. The questionnaire will be translated into different languages in order to lower the threshold for participation.