Early Detection of Cancer

This multicenter study aims to evaluate whether active breast ultrasound screening can improve the early diagnosis rate of breast cancer in women aged 65 to 80 years, compared with routine elderly health management. The study uses a mixed cluster-individual randomized design based on community implementation capacity. A subgroup of pilot communities will simultaneously collect ultrasound AI data for research performance analysis only, without affecting clinical diagnosis.

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of mortality in Catalonia. Although early detection programs using the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) are effective in reducing both incidence and mortality, their success relies on high population participation. Currently, in the Vallès Occidental region, the participation rate stands at 42%, which is below the 65% minimum recommended by European health authorities. The objective of this randomized controlled trial is to evaluate whether sending a reminder text message (SMS) is an effective tool to increase participation in the screening program. The study will include 10,084 participants aged between 50 and 69 years. Half of the participants will receive a reminder SMS five weeks after their initial invitation, while the other half will follow the standard of care involving postal letters. Researchers anticipate that this strategy will not only increase the number of individuals undergoing screening but also shorten the response time and reduce the need for sending postal reminders

Study Goal: This pilot study wants to find out if using a menstrual cup can be a good, non-invasive way to collect samples from the lining of the uterus (called the endometrium) to help screen for endometrial cancer. This is especially important for women who have a higher chance of getting this cancer, such as those with a genetic condition called Lynch syndrome. Main Questions the Study Will Answer: 1. Can a menstrual cup collect enough uterine lining (endometrial tissue) for doctors to examine under a microscope? 2. Are the samples from the menstrual cup as useful for diagnosis as samples taken using the usual method (called an endometrial biopsy or EMB)? 3. Is using a menstrual cup at home easy, effective, and comfortable for participants? 4. Can scientists grow small lab models of the uterus (called organoids) from the menstrual cup samples and from biopsy samples? What Will Happen in the Study: * Participants will use a menstrual cup at home to collect menstrual blood. * They will also have a standard endometrial biopsy done by a healthcare provider. * After both collections, participants will fill out a short survey about how comfortable and easy it was to use the menstrual cup. What the Study Will Measure: * Feasibility: How well participants are able to use the menstrual cup and send in the sample. * Sample Quality: Whether the menstrual cup collects enough good-quality tissue for testing, and how it compares to biopsy samples. * Participant Experience: How women feel about using the menstrual cup, based on the survey. * Lab Testing: Whether researchers can successfully grow endometrial organoids from both types of samples. Why This Study Matters: If this method works, it could offer a gentler, more convenient way for women to get checked for endometrial cancer-especially those who need regular screening. It could also make it easier to collect samples for research and improve early detection of cancer.

Diagnosing breast cancer early is critical to reduce preventable breast cancer deaths in sub-Saharan Africa. This can be done in part through increasing patients' access to breast ultrasound, which is essential for evaluating breast masses. However, ultrasound is typically provided only by radiologists at urban referral hospitals. Training clinicians at rural district hospitals who are not radiologists could increase patients' access to breast ultrasound, but strategies to support and supervise these clinicians and ensure they are providing high-quality ultrasound services has not been studied. This project will examine the effectiveness and cost of two strategies for training non-radiologist clinicians to perform breast ultrasound in Rwandan district hospitals.

The goal of this pragmatic trial is to learn if telehealth strategies can increase shared decision-making (SDM) for lung cancer screening (LCS). It will also learn about the equity of these strategies by conducting non-inferiority analysis by race and sex. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does patient outreach using synchronous and asynchronous telehealth strategies increase completion of SDM visits for LCS? 2. Is the effectiveness of these telehealth strategies similar by race and sex? The study uses a Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial (SMART) design and includes two stages of interventions. The first stage of intervention includes direct patient outreach with an invitation to schedule either a 1) telehealth SDM visit or 2) telehealth or in-person SDM visit. Participants that do not respond to the first stage interventions receive a text message reminder encouraging SDM visit completion with or without digital care coordination.

The goal of this observational study is to learn whether a blood-based cell-free DNA (cfDNA) methylation assay can help detect ovarian cancer, especially early-stage ovarian cancer, in women undergoing clinical evaluation for ovarian tumors or gynecologic diseases. The main questions it aims to answer are: How well can this assay distinguish ovarian cancer from benign gynecologic diseases? How accurately can this assay detect early-stage ovarian cancer and other ovarian tumor subtypes? Researchers will compare the test results from participants with ovarian cancer and participants with benign gynecologic diseases to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the assay. Participants will: Provide blood samples for cfDNA methylation testing Allow researchers to collect clinical and pathological information related to their diagnosis Be grouped according to their final clinical or pathological diagnosis for analysis

This quasi-experimental study aims to determine whether a breast and cervical cancer awareness training program can increase participation in cancer screening among women with visual impairments. The study also aims to identify barriers to screening and improve knowledge about cancer risk factors and screening methods. The main questions this study will address are: * Does the training increase the rate at which women with visual impairments attend cancer screening appointments? * Does the training improve participants' knowledge about breast and cervical cancer? Participants will: * Receive training on breast and cervical cancer risk factors and screening methods. * Learn how to apply to the Cancer Early Diagnosis, Screening, and Training Center. * Be encouraged to attend cancer screening during the study period. * Have knowledge and screening status assessed before the training, immediately after, and three months later.

The purpose of this study is to characterize the breadth of molecular features present in participants receiving care within a large, integrated, community-based healthcare system. Through comprehensive genomic profiling, investigators aim to identify the underlying genomic drivers of premalignant and malignant conditions across a range of disease stages and cancer types. Comprehensive molecular profiling will include somatic tumor testing (tissue and/or blood) using next-generation sequencing. Selected subsets of samples may undergo whole exome and/or whole transcriptome sequencing for research purposes. Pharmacogenomic testing will also be performed to better understand individual variability in medication response and to identify opportunities for optimizing treatment. In addition, participants may optionally provide microbiome samples. To maximize the value of the genomic data, participants who consent to this protocol will have their electronic health records-both retrospective and prospective-abstracted, curated, annotated, and linked to the genomic data generated through study testing. Given the long-term value of these data, participants may also voluntarily consent to the storage of their biological samples in a biobank and to the use of their de-identified information for future research. Data collected from this participant population will support efforts to advance the understanding of cancer biology, as well as the discovery and validation of biomarkers associated with clinical outcomes. Findings may also be shared through collaborative research initiatives to further promote advancements in cancer research.

The primary goal of the study is to record data over the observation period to evaluate the clinical benefit of using hereditary cancer genomic diagnostics to assess overall hereditary genetic cancer risk profile and to help guide physicians to pursue preventative measures, which may lead to early detection and treatment of the condition.

The Biorepository for Caris Life Sciences is designed for the purpose of making quality biospecimens and associated clinical data available for research studies related to advancing precision medicine and improving care for patients. The Caris Biorepository is a repository of prospectively collected biological specimens and associated clinical and demographic data gathered from multiple sources to be stored, used and shared for research. Caris Life Sciences will maintain the data and specimens and will control access to and use of the information and specimens by multiple individuals for multiple purposes which may evolve over time.

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the accuracy of a novel molecular test for screening and monitoring endometrial lesions in women at medium-to-high risk for endometrial cancer. The main questions it aims to answer are: * What is the sensitivity and specificity of the CISENDO test (a DNA methylation test on cervical cytology samples) for detecting histologically confirmed endometrial intraepithelial neoplasia (EIN) or invasive endometrial cancer? * How do DNA methylation levels change during the follow-up of endometrial lesions? Researchers will compare the results of the CISENDO test to the results from the standard diagnostic procedure (hysteroscopy with histology) to see if the molecular test can reliably identify high-risk lesions and track disease progression. Participants will: * Provide a residual liquid-based cervical cytology sample for the CISENDO test. * Undergo a standard diagnostic hysteroscopy examination (with or without biopsy) for comparison. * Some participants will return for follow-up visits at 6 and 12 months for repeat methylation testing and/or hysteroscopy to monitor their condition.

The purpose of this study is to test the impact of a multilevel decision support intervention on informed decisions about breast MRI among high-risk Black and Latina women. Participants (N=80) will be randomized to (1) enhanced usual care (risk assessment + referral to nurse practitioner) or (2) decision support (enhanced usual care + decision aid). Assessments will take place at baseline (T0) and 1-month post-intervention (T1). The primary outcome is informed decisions about breast MRI at T1.

Breast cancer is the most common malignant disease among women worldwide, with rising incidence and younger age at onset in China. Early detection is critical for improving survival, yet current screening methods such as mammography and ultrasound show limited sensitivity in Chinese women, particularly those with dense breast tissue. Contrast-enhanced MRI offers higher diagnostic performance but its use is limited by high costs, safety concerns with gadolinium-based contrast agents, and limited accessibility. This investigator-initiated trial aims to evaluate the clinical application of non-contrast multiparametric MRI, combined with advanced artificial intelligence algorithms, for the early detection and diagnosis of breast cancer. The study will collect MRI imaging data from multiple centers and integrate radiomic features across T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient maps. A deep learning-based model will be developed and validated to improve lesion detection, differential diagnosis, and risk stratification. The ultimate goal of this project is to establish a safe, accurate, and scalable breast cancer screening pathway suitable for Chinese women. By reducing dependence on invasive procedures and contrast agents, and by leveraging AI for standardization and efficiency, this approach may significantly improve early detection rates and contribute to better patient outcomes.

Gastrointestinal tumors, including esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer, are among the most common and highly prevalent malignant tumors in Shandong Province. Currently, most patients seek medical attention only after clinical symptoms appear, by which time the disease has already reached an intermediate or advanced stage. This leads to increased treatment costs and poorer therapeutic outcomes. Early detection and intervention through screening are effective measures to improve the cure rate of gastrointestinal tumors and reduce their incidence and mortality rates. This project leverages the Shandong Province Tumor Screening and Early Diagnosis \& Treatment Platform and is based on the ongoing Shandong Gastrointestinal Cancer Screening Cohort. It aims to collect 4,000 plasma samples from individuals undergoing simultaneous screening for esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancers. Using Nanjing Shihe Medical Laboratory's independently developed multi-cancer early detection liquid biopsy product for gastrointestinal cancers, the study will further validate the performance of liquid biopsy in multi-cancer screening by correlating results with endoscopic findings (gastroscopy and colonoscopy).

The purpose of the researchers is to test whether the CancerenD24 index, an algorithm based on the quantitative value of CD24, CD11b, clinical and laboratory characteristics, developed in the laboratory can help in the early detection of a malignant disease in a population of healthy subjects.

PREVENT is a prospective, multicenter, interventional study evaluating the performance of the OverC multi-cancer detection blood test in asymptomatic individuals with cancer risk.