Edentulism Nos

Background. Decreased taste and smell contribute to loss of appetite (anorexia), and the resulting protein-energy malnutrition increases the frailty of the elderly. The risk of falls, disability, infections and depression often requires them to be institutionalized. Elderly, undernourished and toothless patients often complain about the monotony of a soft, mixed-texture diet. In a previous study, some participants highlighted the pleasure of crunching cookies that have a solid texture that can be eaten in any dental condition. However, the age-related decrease in hearing (presbyacusis) is frequent and progressive from the age of 60. The hypothesis of this work is that older patients may perceive a crunchy food crunching in their mouth, despite presbycusis. If the hypothesis is verified, this would make geriatric caregivers aware of the possibility of diversifying the texture of food, in order to stimulate the pleasure of eating and increase the dietary intake in this population of patients who are often undernourished, dysphagic, edentulous and hearing impaired. The originality of this study is to share the expertise of geriatricians and specialists in mastication/swallowing (dental surgeon, speech-language pathologist), hearing (ENT doctor, hearing care professional) and nutrition (dietician). Type of study. Type of study MR-004 "Research not involving the human person". Protocol. Compare the noise and pleasure of crunching between two hyperprotein nutritional supplements: a soft filled cookie (Nutra Cake™, Délical, France) and a crunchy cookie of the Breton type (Protibis™, Solidages, France). Blind study impossible: each subject will eat a cookie then the other in a random order and will be his own control. The tests will be performed without the possible hearing aids, but with or without the dentures according to the patient's preference. Indeed, some patients have dental prostheses that are no longer suitable for chewing, and that they wear only for aesthetics. Objective. Validate the evaluation criteria "Do you hear the biscuit crunch?" and "Is it a pleasure?" If so, encourage diversification with crunchy foods with a suitable texture, as well as dental and prosthetic rehabilitation of dependent elderly people.

Pneumatization of the maxillary sinus may lead to insufficient bone volume for dental implant placement in the edentulous posterior maxilla. Sinus floor elevation (SFE) surgery with the lateral window technique is a safe and predictable surgical intervention to restore bone height in the maxillary premolar and molar areas. According to the literature, several bone graft materials may be successfully applied for SFE surgery. There is a lack of evidence regarding the application of biphasic calcium sulfate (BCS) for SFE. The healing period following staged SFE is 2-9 months. The aim of this study is: * to evaluate the success of SFE surgery using BCS as graft material, * to compare the microarchitecture of the augmented bone depending on the healing period, * to evaluate the success of dental implants placed in the augmented bone and that of the prostheses delivered on the dental implants.