Excercise

The study is a Random control trail study conducted at King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, focusing on Application of 5 framework in rehabilitation program of knee arthritis. The study will involve a in each group sample of 20 KOA patients, with a 12-month duration. The sample size was estimated using G\*Power 3.1 software, and the initial power analysis indicated that 40 participants would be required to achieve 80.0% statistical power. The study's participants will be aged between 55 and 80 years, diagnosed with Knee osteoarthritis, without cognitive impairment, knee surgery in the past 6 months, or unstable comorbidities. The study will involve in-person 16 sessions, with the first two lasting approximately one hour and the remaining session 30-45 minutes. The main outcome measures that will be used in this study are Stay Independent Brochure, Iconographical Falls Efficacy Scale (icon-FES), Timed Up and Go, 2-Minute Walk Test, 5 Time Set to Stand Test AND Arthritis Self-Efficacy Scale 8 Item (ASES-8), Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS), and Patient satisfaction level with Physical Therapy service MedRisk. Data will be taken from direct questions to patients, by filling out the questionnaire via Google Form, and through some tests and SPSS will be used for data analysis, with ANOVA Test intervention scores of the outcome measures.

ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) protocols are step-by-step care plans that help patients recover faster after surgery. They focus on keeping the body's normal functions, lowering stress from surgery, and supporting a quicker recovery. In gynecologic cancer surgeries, ERAS has been shown to help patients do better, have fewer problems, and leave the hospital sooner. A prehabilitation program, in combination with ERAS protocols, aims to optimize patients' physical and psychological condition prior to surgery for gynecological cancers. Interventions may include tailored exercise, nutritional support, respiratory training, and psychological preparation. By enhancing baseline fitness and resilience, prehabilitation improves the body's ability to tolerate surgical stress, reduces complications, and facilitates a faster, smoother recovery within the ERAS framework.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of Pilates exercises on restless leg syndrome, functional capacity and physical self-perception among older adult undergoing hemodialysis. participants are 60 elderly patients both male and female who undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.