Falls (Accidents) in Old Age

The purpose of this study is to increase the functional level of the elderly to thereby reduce fall risk, improve motor skills, and increase psychological well-being, as well as to assess whether the restoration of a normal testosterone level contributes to a faster recovery. The effect of testosterone is investigated as measured by physical and mental functional capacity, including cognition, in hypogonadal elderly men with a significant loss of function. The study is aimed at participants who are too weak to participate in the progressive strength training.

The aim of the study is to assess the association between intake of psychotropic medications and increased risk of falls in older adults discharged from Ain Shams University Geriatric Hospital as a primary outcome and incident fractures that may occur as a secondary outcome of such fall.

Falls in older adults have an annual incidence between 23 and 34% for persons of 65 years and older. The lack of transfer of promising research results on falls prevention to daily practice may have several explanations. One of the first concerns for that matter may be a valid and sensitive selection of the persons at risk who are eligible for fall prevention interventions Goals of the prospective obeservational study: 1. To validate a new, comprehensive, multifactorial screeningsintrument to predict the risk on falls in community dwelling, Belgian, older adults (\>65years or older). 2. To optimize the new, comprehensive, multifactorial screeningsintrument and to specify correct cut off scores Researchers will compare the data of the accuracy of new algorithm with the current Belgian policy. Participants will participate in a one-time testing moment, where they will be asked some questions about general characteristics and medical history, followed by two questionnaire and seven physical tests . Based on this data, their fall risk will be assessed. In the year that follows, the older person's fall behavior will be monitored with a monthly falls calender. Participant will be asked to fill out these calenders everyday ('Did you fall today?' YES/NO) and send them at the end of each month to the researchers, digitally or postal.

This single-centre, cross-sectional diagnostic study will determine whether the new self-completed Self-Assessment for Falls in the Elderly (SAFE) questionnaire can classify fall-risk level (low, moderate, high) in adults ≥ 60 years as accurately as the current clinician-administered international algorithm that mixes yes/no questions with physical tests; to do so, about 300 participants will (1) sign consent, (2) answer the 5-minute SAFE, and (3) undergo guideline assessment and tests by a clinician in the same visit, after which researchers will compare SAFE and clinician results for sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, examine agreement and correlations, and give immediate risk-based prevention advice: * Eligibility: men or women ≥ 60 y, stable walking/balance ≥ 1 month, able to read French and perform brief tests; legal guardianship or refusal excludes. * Participant tasks: complete SAFE; perform Timed Up-and-Go, 4 m gait speed, Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) under supervision * Benefits/Risks: instant personalised fall-risk feedback; SAFE is risk-free and physical tests carry only minimal supervised exertion. Falls are a leading cause of injury and death in older adults, and current assessments require trained staff; if SAFE proves equivalent, it could enable large-scale, low-cost self-screening and support future digital monitoring tools for fall prevention.

The purpose of this study is to determine if a fall preparedness program can reduce the fear of falling in older adults and subsequently improve their function and reduce falls with injury. Participants will perform baseline measures 4 weeks before intervention and again at the start of intervention. They will perform a 12-week intervention and then complete outcome measures again at the conclusion of the program.