Fungal Disease

The FUNGAL-P study is a single-center observational study designed to derive and validate a clinical prediction score for the early identification of fungal pneumonia in adult patients presenting with pneumonia. The study includes a retrospective derivation cohort and a prospective validation cohort of patients undergoing microbiological evaluation of lower respiratory tract samples. Clinical, laboratory, radiological, microbiological, and treatment-related variables associated with fungal pneumonia will be analyzed to identify independent predictors of fungal infection. These predictors will be combined to develop the FUNGAL-P score. The derived score will subsequently be evaluated in a prospective validation cohort to assess its diagnostic performance, calibration, and clinical utility. The ultimate goal is to facilitate earlier recognition of fungal pneumonia and support timely diagnostic testing and antifungal treatment in patients presenting to the Emergency Department or hospital with pneumonia.

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the efficacy the favorable response rate and safety of L-AmB(liposomal amphotericin B) for the treatment of br-IFD(breakthrough invasive fungal disease) in Chinese children and adolescent patients with hematological malignancies receiving triazoles/echinocandins antifungal prophylaxis. The main question it aims to answer is: 1. Whether the L-AmB have the same efficacy in the treatment of br-IFD in Chinese children and adolescent with hematological malignancies who are receiving triazoles or echinocandins antifungal prophylaxis as in adults(compared with historical data) 2. Whether L-AmB may have better renal safety in Chinese children and adolescent than in adults (compared with historical data). Chinese children and adolescent with hematological malignancies will taking L-AmB as part of their regular medical care for br-IFD. The efficacy and safety data will be recorded.

The China Antifungal Resistance Surveillance Trial (CARST-fungi) study, which has been starting in July 2019, is a multi-center, prospective, observational, and laboratory-based study of pathogenic fungal isolates causing IFDs. All fungal isolates recovered from clinical samples will be collected. For each episode of fungal isolation, the information including the patient's age, gender, the ward location, the time of sample collection, and specimen type will be collected. All isolates will be sent to the Research Center for Medical Mycology, Beijing, China, for further study including species identification and azole susceptibility testing. Azole-resistant mechanisms will be elucidated by gene sequencing or expression level assay for resistance-related genes.