Hallux Valgus Deformity

Comparing the radiographic and functional outcomes by using a Minimal invasive procedure to treat Hallux Valgus ; Distal linear Metatarsal Osteotomy - 1 Kirshner wire fixation versus two Kirshner wire fixation

To elucidate the relationship between changes in the mechanical properties of the tibialis anterior tendon and deformity in patients with hallux valgus, a case-control study is planned to quantitatively measure tendon stiffness using shear-wave elastography (SWE). Two groups will be compared: adults with radiographically confirmed hallux valgus (HVA (Hallux valgus angle) ≥15°) and age- and gender-matched healthy controls. The primary outcome is the elasticity modulus of the tibialis anterior tendon measured by SWE (kPa). Measurements will be performed using a high-frequency linear probe, with the probe positioned parallel to the tendon fibers and the foot in the standard ankle position, with three repetitions performed on each subject; the mean of stable frames will be used in the analysis. Secondary variables will be the relationships between tendon thickness/cross-sectional area, clinical angle parameters (HVA, IMA (intermetatarsal angle)), and functional scores. In the reliability sub-study, intra- and inter-observer ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient), SEM (Standard Error of Measurement), and MDC (Minimal Detectable Change) will be calculated. The sample size was calculated for a two-sample, two-tailed t-test with α=0.05 and 80% power assumptions, targeting a clinically meaningful medium-to-high effect size (Cohen d=0.60); at least 45 patients (45 with hallux valgus + 45 healthy) were planned. Parametric/non-parametric tests appropriate for the distribution and ANCOVA for potential confounders (age, gender, BMI, foot dominance) will be used in the analyses. The study is expected to objectively demonstrate whether tibialis anterior tendon stiffness changes in hallux valgus, thereby clarifying the muscle-tendon contributions to pathomechanics and laying the groundwork for targeted strategies in both conservative and surgical treatment planning.

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate operative treatment versus conservative treatment in participants suffering from mild to moderate hallux valgus deformity. The main question it aims to answer are; Is surgery superior to conservative treatment? The participants will be randomized in to two groups, operative and conservative group. Investigators will compare the groups measuring the clinical results using the patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOxFQ), Visual analog scale (VAS), likert scale 0-5. Participants will be observed for a period og two years.

The study population of this project is mainly young people. Our goal is to investigate the kinematic and kinetic characterization brought about by different conservative treatment modalities for hallux valgus. The main study involves recruiting volunteers, grouping them into 12-week interventions with orthotics or foot exercises, and analyzing the kinematic and kinetic alterations in young and middle-aged subjects before, during, and after cessation of the interventions by motion capture, surface electromyography, and musculoskeletal ultrasound. A database of human biomechanical characteristics was constructed through in-vivo exercise techniques to analyze changes in the biomechanical characteristics of the population with hallux valgus after the use of different intervention methods.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of 8 weeks of supervised in addition to stretching exercise resisted concentric and eccentric contraction protocol of toe spread out exercise on the angular severity of hallux valgus deformity, changes in the cross-sectional area, stiffness and thickness of the abductor hallucis muscle, electromyographic activities, plantar pressure distribution, foot morphology and gait characteristics, balance and physical performance at the end of the medium and long term.