Infant, Newborn, Diseases

The goals of this observational study is to assess whether a new advanced wireless skin sensor vital sign monitoring system can effectively monitor the vital signs of healthy newborn infants (≥ 35 weeks gestational age). The main aims of this Study are to: 1. Assess feasibility 2. Evaluate safety 3. Determine accuracy of the wireless monitoring system, compared to the standard of care wired vital sign monitoring system, immediately after delivery and for the first 2h of age in the obstetrical center under unsupervised parents' care. The newborn infants participating in the Study will have both vital sign monitoring systems placed on their chest and limb. Their vital signs will be monitored for 2h consecutively.

The objective of the NeoPlaTT trial is to test whether, among extremely preterm infants born at 23 0/7 to 26 6/7 weeks' gestation, a lower platelet transfusion threshold, compared to a higher threshold, improves survival without major or severe bleeding up to 40 0/7 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA).

The primary participant will be an infant with single ventricle heart disease. This is a research study to learn more about how the medication digoxin, which is routinely prescribed to infants and children with heart disease in pediatric cardiac intensive care units is processed by their bodies and how it may help their cardiac function. The investigators will collect blood or will collect blood samples when bloodwork is checked as part of regular care ("opportunistic"). The investigators will also collect information from medical records. Being part of this study will not change treatment plan or medications. The risks of this study include loss of confidentiality and risks associated with having blood drawn. The study team will make every effort to minimize these risks.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease in infants is not fully understood. Infants are prescribed medical treatments that may not be effective or that contribute to adverse side effects and lead to concerns and expenses for the parents and healthcare system. Current guidelines recommend cow-milk-protein free diet as a first-line treatment, but these recommendations are based on weak evidence. This study investigate the efficacy of a cow-milk-protein free diet compared to treatment with a proton pump inhibitor (omeprazole)

The objective of the SafeBoosC-IIIv trial is to assess benefits and harms of cerebral oximetry in newborns receiving invasive mechanical ventilation. The hypothesis is that: i. Cerebral oximetry added to usual care versus usual care alone in newborns receiving invasive mechanical ventilation will increase the number of hospital-free days within 90 days of randomisation. ii. The intervention will decrease a composite outcome of death or moderate to severe neurodevelopmental disability and/or increase the mean PARCA-R non-verbal cognitive score at two years of corrected age.

The goal of clinical trial study is to evaluate effect of chest physiotherapy educational on mother's knowledge, practice and clinical outcomes of infants aged less than 12 months diagnosed with bronchiolitis by physician The main questions aims to answer: * Does chest physiotherapy improve clinical outcomes of infants with bronchiolitis? * Does educational program improve mothers knowledge and practice regarding chest physiotherapy? Researcher compare two groups one receive routine hospital care (control group) other receive chest physiotherapy applied by mothers in addition to routine hospital care and will be followed up for 3 days

This study aims to improve HIV healthcare services for mothers living with HIV and their newborns in Tanzania and Mozambique. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1) does enhancing screening with maternal HIV viral load monitoring at delivery identify more mother-child pairs at high-risk for HIV vertical transmission? and 2) are high-risk infants linked to appropriate prevention and care? The study will expand access to HIV testing services to more rural settings using a hub-and-spoke referral system.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether giving surfactant through a thin endotracheal catheter to extremely premature babies shortly after birth reduces the number of them who are ventilated in the first 3 days of life. The main question it aims to answer is: Do fewer babies who receive prophylactic thin catheter surfactant under video laryngoscopy shortly after birth go on to be ventilated within 72 hours of birth? Extremely premature babies who are receiving breathing support through a face mask will either: * Receive surfactant through a thin catheter that is inserted into their windpipe (trachea) under video laryngoscopy at or after 5 minutes of life, have the catheter removed immediately, and return to face mask breathing support; or * Continue on face mask breathing support. All babies will be closely watched to see whether they are ventilated for breathing support in the first 72 hours of life.