Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice

The focus of this study is to learn about the factors that parents consider when making a decision for their child to participate or not in a clinical treatment research study.

Pain management is a core competency in nursing practice, yet nursing students consistently demonstrate insufficient knowledge, unfavorable attitudes, limited competence, and low self-efficacy in this area. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based educational tools, particularly ChatGPT, have emerged as promising resources in nursing education; however, rigorous experimental evidence on their effectiveness remains scarce. This study is a two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial (RCT) that aims to evaluate the effect of a ChatGPT-driven blended teaching model for pain management on nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward pain, nursing competence, and learning self-efficacy. Eligible nursing students at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences (Tehran, Iran) will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either: * Intervention group: ChatGPT-assisted blended clinical nursing rounds (8 sessions over 4 weeks, each 90 minutes, combining bedside rounds with AI-assisted pre- and post-round activities) * Control group: Traditional clinical nursing rounds (same number and duration of sessions, without any AI tools) Outcomes will be measured at baseline (1 week before intervention), immediate post-test (1 week after intervention), and 3-month follow-up using validated instruments: the Nurses' Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (NKASRP), the Nursing Student Competence Scale (NSCS), and the Nursing Students' Learning Self-Efficacy instrument (NLSE). Findings will provide empirical evidence to guide educational policy and curriculum design in nursing programs, with the goal of improving pain management education and patient care outcomes.

Despite a large proportion exhibiting cardiovascular disease risk factors and experiencing food insecurity, U.S. Hispanics/Latinos demonstrate low cardiovascular mortality, which may indicate existing capital (e.g., assets) protecting health and diet. The goal of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and short-term efficacy of a pilot intervention aimed at improving diet quality through strengthening food- and diet-related capital and food security among low-income, Hispanic/Latino adults in San Diego, California. The pilot intervention will be integrated into an existing local health or nutrition program serving low-income Hispanic/Latino adults. Participants will be asked to: * Complete questionnaires before and after the intervention * Engage in nutrition education activities * Engage in food access-related activities

This project will compare two training models of an evidence-based online dementia care training program for direct care staff in assisted living to a waitlist control: 1) essentiALZ training and 2) essentiALZ training + Project ECHO. It will examine the extent to which each model is implemented and achieves its intended outcomes to improve staff knowledge and attitudes, change care practices, and improve the wellbeing of staff, residents, and residents' family members. Results will inform next steps in dementia care training for the assisted living (AL) and broader long-term care workforce. To examine these outcomes, data will be collected from AL staff and families over the course of 6 months. Staff will complete questionnaires and participate in interviews (as applicable) at baseline, post-training, 3-months, and 6-months. Families will participate in interviews at baseline, 3-months, and 6-months.

Preconception micronutrient status (including anemia) is a critical determinant of maternal, newborn, and child health that remains undervalued in Nepal. However, providing micronutrient supplements (MMS) alone is not enough. In the Nepali context, the gap between marriage and the first birth is short and newly married women have the lowest household status. Addressing the intersectional barriers to health for newly married women, including inequitable gender norms and women's empowerment, household relationships, nutrition knowledge and practices-is essential for improving maternal and infant outcomes in Nepal. To mitigate the community, household, and individual factors resulting in poor nutrition, the team developed and pilot-tested an educational group intervention (Sumadhur, meaning "Best Relationship") for newly married women, husbands, and mothers-in-law triads. Sumadhur aims to provide information on nutrition and women's health, address inequitable gender norms and practices, strengthen household relationships and communication, and improve the household status of newly married women. The pilot study of Sumadhur brought triads of several households together for 16 interrelated sessions over four-months. Findings suggest that participants (N=90) found the intervention to be highly feasible and acceptable and nutritional norms and practices improved. We propose to test the effectiveness of Sumadhur on maternal health and nutrition outcomes using a 2-arm cluster RCT (cRCT). The intervention participants will receive the Sumadhur group intervention and will be provided MMS directly at group sessions. In control villages who do not receive the Sumadhur group intervention, we will facilitate access to MMS at primary health centers. We will randomize 70 villages to each arm (with one group per village). Each village has one group of five women (total of 700 women). Newly married women, their husbands and mothers-in-laws (total=2,100), will be followed four times for 18 months post-intervention through surveys, hemoglobin tests and blood draws (women only). The specific aims are to estimate the effectiveness of Sumadhur on women's anemia and micronutrient status, including the cost-benefit of the intervention (Aim 1); explore the impact on intermediate outcomes such as gender norms, household relationships and eating practices and characterize the individual and household-level mechanisms of impact (Aim 2); understand triadic experiences and impact over time of Sumadhur (Aim 3). Accomplishing these aims will provide evidence for how to improve micronutrient and anemia status among women before they become pregnant-thereby ensuring that women are not deficient in the critical early phases of pregnancy. These findings will also advance the field by testing novel approaches (household and community level behavior and norm change intervention) that, when combined with supplements, may lead to better adherence, uptake, and, ultimately, health outcomes, and have additional longer-term benefits.

Pneumonia is a leading cause of death and hospitalization among the elderly in Taiwan. High-quality home care is essential to recovery and reducing readmission, yet primary caregivers often lack the specific skills needed, such as airway clearance and safe feeding techniques. Traditional education, consisting of one-time verbal instructions and paper brochures, often lacks interactivity and real-time support. This study introduces "Pneumonia Care Helper," an interactive LINE chatbot designed to provide digital health education. The goal is to evaluate whether this digital tool is more effective than traditional paper-based education in improving the knowledge, attitudes, and caregiving practices of primary caregivers of elderly pneumonia patients. The study will compare the outcomes of caregivers using the chatbot versus those receiving standard paper-based instructions over a 5-day intervention period.

The goal of this study is to learn if educational videos sent through WhatsApp can improve dental health knowledge, healthy habits, and attitudes in primary school children aged 10 to 12 years in Cairo, Egypt. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Do children who receive dental health videos through WhatsApp have better knowledge about caring for their teeth after 8 weeks compared to children who do not receive the videos? * Do children who watch the videos brush their teeth more often and correctly, and make healthier food choices? * Do children who watch the videos feel more positive about taking care of their teeth and visiting the dentist? Researchers will compare children in Grade 5 who receive 6 short dental health videos through WhatsApp (one video per week for 6 weeks) to children in Grade 6 who continue their normal school activities to see if the videos lead to better knowledge, healthy habits, and more positive attitudes about dental health. Participants will: * Answer questions about their dental health knowledge, tooth brushing and eating habits, and feelings about dental care at the start of the study (takes about 15 to 20 minutes in a private room at school) * Children in Grade 5 will join a WhatsApp group and receive one short video (2 to 5 minutes) each week for 6 weeks about topics like why teeth are important, how to brush teeth correctly, which foods are goo

The goal of this cluster-randomized type 1 effectiveness implementation hybrid trial is to evaluate whether a community health worker led, integrated digital health intervention (Huduma Kwa Wakati; "Timely Services" in Kiswahili) can improve rates of timely well visits and receipt of key recommended preventive interventions among children in their first year of life. The hypothesis is that Huduma Kwa Wakati will improve the timeliness and rates of completion of child well visits and receipt of recommended preventive services before age 1 year, compared to the standard of care. Researchers will compare outcomes among children enrolled from intervention clusters and no-intervention comparison clusters. Outcomes will also be compared to a cross-sectional retrospective comparison sample. This study will address the lack of rigorous evidence on the effectiveness of a community-based digital health intervention for promoting rates and timeliness of preventive service receipt among children from sub-Saharan Africa, and identify implementation strategies to facilitate the deployment of integrated community-based digital health interventions in low- and middle-income country settings.

The goal of this study is to test the feasibility of a randomized control trial evaluating the educational tool for anticoagulated patients. Participants will be randomized to use new educational materials or current existing educational materials and answer survey questions.

This randomized clinical trial will evaluate the effectiveness of an interprofessional simulation intervention for medical and nursing students. The primary aim is to compare the effectiveness of high-fidelity versus low-fidelity interprofessional simulation in improving knowledge and skills related to the ABG test. The hypothesis is that participants in the high-fidelity interprofessional simulation group will develop better knowledge and skills for ABG testing compared to those in the low-fidelity group. The secondary aims are to evaluate the effectiveness of high-fidelity interprofessional simulation compared to low-fidelity interprofessional simulation in (i) enhancing self-efficacy and self-confidence in learning, and (ii) improving interprofessional education and satisfaction with the simulation experience. It is hypothesized that participants in the high-fidelity interprofessional simulation group will report higher levels of self-efficacy, self-confidence, interprofessional education, and satisfaction with the learning experience post-intervention compared to those in the low-fidelity interprofessional simulation group. The key questions it seeks to address are: 1. Does high-fidelity interprofessional simulation help in developing better technical skills for ABG testing? 2. Does high-fidelity interprofessional simulation lead to greater self-efficacy and self-confidence? 3. Does high-fidelity interprofessional simulation lead to greater satisfaction with the experience, readiness for interprofessional simulation, and better perceptions of interprofessional education? The researchers will compare high-fidelity interprofessional simulation (immersive medical training room with an actor) to low-fidelity interprofessional simulation (a structured clinical case analysis) to assess whether high-fidelity simulation effectively enhances knowledge and skills on arterial blood gas tests, as well as interprofessional collaboration and attitudes. Participants will: * Attend brief interactive lessons on the principles, technique, and interpretation of arterial blood gas tests. * Participate in a series of clinical-based interprofessional simulation scenarios delivered in low- or high-fidelity.

The goal of this clinical trial is to test the effectiveness of the MAP for Coaches, a web-based Musculoskeletal Athletic injury Prevention training course, in youth sport coaches. The main question it aims to answer are: * Is the MAP for Coaches effective in increasing coaches' sport-specific knowledge of musculoskeletal injuries (types, incidence, risk factors, mechanisms, and best prevention practices, with focus on neuromuscular training warm-up exercise programs)? * Is the MAP for Coaches effective in increasing coaches' motivation (self-efficacy and intention) to use sport-specific neuromuscular training warm-up exercise programs? The additional questions it aims to answer are: * Are the effects of the MAP for Coaches sustained in the short- and long-term? * Is the MAP for Coaches effective in promoting the use of sport-specific neuromuscular training warm-up exercise programs in youth sport coaches? Regardless of group, participants will receive the MAP for Coaches eLearning training course; however, the participants allocated to the control group will have their post-test survey completed right after they review the sport-specific 2-page injury prevention e-book containing an overview of the MAP for Coaches training course, including an infographic summary (Summarized MAP for Coaches eLearning Training Course). The intervention group will complete the post-test survey after the full training including both the course summary and the detailed course modules (the full training). The investigators will compare the two groups to see if an exposure to the (Full) MAP for Coaches eLearning Training Course improves study outcomes compared with the control group.

Project: "Development of virtual reality for nursing students: ECT" For this project the researchers will adapte 'health belief model' as a core concept for developing knowledge, attitude and skills of nursing students to take care of psychiatric patients with ECT. For their practice, the participants will be taught to take care of patients with ECT into 3 phases: before, during, and after ECT. The researchers believe that this VR technology will help Thai-nursing students better understand and know how to take care of patients with ECT. This project will consist of two phase. phase I: developing VR- ECT technology for nursing students. we will pilot test VR-ECT in Nursing students by randomizing nursing students volunteers into two groups: an experimental group and waitlist control group (N = 140). Knowledge, attitude and satisfaction and self-confidence will be measured at baseline (day 1), week 8 after intervention complete

The goal of this cluster randomized trial is to develop and test a new method for preparing indigenous (locally termed as Orang Asli) households in Selangor, a state in Malaysia, for outbreaks and Disease X, a potential unknown infectious threat. It aims to determine if the new method, a health education package comprised of workshops, simulation exercises, and card game play sessions, can enhance the readiness of these families for such outbreaks. The main questions it is looking to answer are: 1. Will the intervention package increase the level of preparedness for a Disease X and outbreaks among indigenous households in Selangor? 2. Will the intervention improve the awareness and attitudes of the indigenous people in Selangor towards outbreak preparedness? 3. Will it lead to more proactive preparedness actions by these households? To evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention package, researchers will compare outcomes between two groups: the intervention group receiving both the intervention package and educational brochures on communicable disease prevention, and the control group receiving only the brochures. Participants will: 1. Participate in the activities in the newly developed intervention package, which would include workshops, simulation exercises, and card game play sessions. 2. Answer surveys four times: before, immediately after, 1 month after and 2 months after the intervention, to measure any changes in their preparedness levels for an outbreak.

Refugees, facing forced displacement and often exposed to traumatic experiences, represent a vulnerable population with unique healthcare needs. Oral health is considered a prominent factor that contributes to quality of life. Therefore, this study aim at assessing the effect of message framing on enhancing oral health practices in a group of refugees in Alexandria, Egypt. A three-arm cluster randomized controlled clinical trial will compare a gain-framed mobile text messages group, a loss-framed mobile text messages group, and a control group. The primary outcome is the improvement in oral health practices measured by changes in dental plaque and secondary outcome is to assess change in oral health-related quality of life. In addition, oral health knowledge, attitudes, and practices of refugees will be assessed.

The ageing population creates concerns and challenges worldwide. The large number of older adults (aged over 65) in Hong Kong continues to rise as people live longer. This may result in heavy burdens on public services and problems such as a shortage of medical resources. The purpose of this study is to implement a physical literacy-based intervention (PLBI) among older adults in Hong Kong in order to achieve the goal of health promotion. A two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial will be employed in this proposed study. Ten daycare centers for the elderly in Hong Kong will be invited to participate in this study. The intervention group will receive functional fitness training and mastering physical literacy class twice a week with buddy peer support, and they will be asked to keep a reflective writing journal on a daily basis for 12 weeks in total. Participants will be evaluated at baseline (week 0), post-intervention (week 12), and at 6-week follow-up (week 18). This will consist of objective and self-reported measures covering elements within physical literacy (i.e. physical competence, motivation and confidence, knowledge and understanding) and also physical activity levels on an individual basis. The study intends to introduce a conceptual framework of physical literacy for the elderly through an intervention that allows older people to develop daily behaviour habits, which should promote active ageing for the elderly and greater self-esteem in later life. After this study, participants may share their positive experiences, and encourage their peers in the community to become physically literate in the future. In the long run, due to the feasibility and sustainability of these potential programs, this proposed study has the potential to connect seniors through social engagement and contribute to healthy living.

To evaluate the effectiveness of pre- and post-intervention of oral health education using three interventions (conventional methods, mHealth, and the Metaverse platform) on the oral health status, knowledge, practices, and attitudes among secondary school students in Malaysia.

The GEMAS project is based on the creation of a virtual serious game in which, by carrying out clinical cases that simulate real environments and episodes of a hospital emergency service, the aim is to improve and reinforce the knowledge of the participants with the use of a new learning methodology. The mapping and creation of several scenarios within the program is carried out, the creation of different characters, both main and secondary, patients and hospital environment, each of them with their graphic representation, characteristics and individual personality. After obtaining the program, which can be used on both computer and mobile platforms, the virtual serious-game will be evaluated with the levels of the Kirkpatrick model to be used as a new learning tool. The degree of satisfaction and usability will be evaluated at the first level, the degree of knowledge acquisition by the participant himself and in comparison with traditional methodologies at the second level, the changes in behavior and transfer of the knowledge learned to the professional field in the third level, and the possibility of knowing the effectiveness of the application for the system will be evaluated. The virtual serious game will allow you to select between the nursing or medicine modality, allowing a greater number of cases to be developed and at the same time, for both stories to be related, so that interdisciplinarity remains intrinsically rooted in the game. The creation of this application will create dynamic learning that will allow greater user satisfaction while learning and a greater degree of knowledge acquisition with respect to traditional methods, ultimately producing changes in work behavior that are favorable for the performance of their profession. .

The goal of this cohort study is to investigate the underlying risk factors to develop metabolic syndrome (MetS) during pregnancy, and the associations of MetS and its indicators with birth outcomes in southwest Ethiopia. The study population consists of low-risk pregnant ladies in their first antenatal care visit (ANC), from Jimma Medical center. The main question\[s\] it aims to answer are: i) How do MetS components progress during pregnancy, and what are the underlying risk factors? ii) What is the association between MetS components during early- and late pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes? iii) What is the knowledge, attitude and practices of women toward dietary habits, food taboos, and cultural beliefs during pregnancy? The study population consists of low-risk pregnant ladies in their first trimester (\<15 weeks of pregnancy) in their first antenatal care visit (ANC) who will be followed up until one-month postpartum. Enrolled women will be assessed four times: at enrolment ≤15 weeks of pregnancy, mid-pregnancy (at 24 weeks), and late pregnancy (at 36 weeks), and within two weeks post-partum for: 1. Sociodemographic data 2. Dietary intake 3. Biochemical analyses 4. Maternal anthropometry: 5. Body composition in a subsample. 6. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of dietary practices during pregnancy 7. Pregnancy and birth outcomes: During the final visit, new born babies will be assessed for Apgar score, weight, length, and head circumference. The mother will be examined for general health and mode of delivery.

Annually a substantial number of courses and trainings are organised in Flanders with regard to suicide prevention.These trainings are mainly aimed at intermediaries, such as caregivers, teachers, police, etc. From previous research it appears that such trainings are one of the most effective strategies for increasing knowledge, attitudes, skills and self-confidence with regard to dealing with persons who are suicidal and with crisis situations. However, such research has not yet been conducted in Flanders, which means that the effect of the training on the knowledge and attitudes of the intermediaries could not yet be determined. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of the trainings in Flanders. These trainings are organised by the Centre for the Prevention of Suicide (CPZ) and by the suicide prevention workers of the Centers for Mental Health Care. All participants who register for one of these trainings will be invited by e-mail at three moments to complete an online questionnaire: * Pre-test: one week before the training, * Post-test: after the training, * Follow-up: three months after training.