Leakage Testing

To evaluate the effectiveness of the gastroscopy, air, and methylene blue (GAM) leak testing in reducing the incidence of postoperative anastomotic complications, especially anastomotic leakage, in patients with colorectal cancer. The primary outcomes included is the incidence of anastomotic complications (mainly anastomotic leak) within 30 days after surgery

In vitro study to compare the sealing ability of bioceramic-coated gutta-percha with bioceramic sealer against conventional gutta-percha with bioceramic sealer in root canal obturation. A total of 60 extracted human single-canal teeth will be prepared and obturated according to standardized protocols, then evaluated for microleakage. Data will be analyzed using SPSS (version 25) with appropriate non-parametric tests at a significance level of p\<0.05. The outcomes are expected to identify the more effective obturation material combination in achieving a fluid-tight seal, thereby contributing to improved success rates in endodontic therapy.