Lung

Single-center, cross-sectional observational study assessing the feasibility of advanced accelerated MRI sequences versus standard ones in terms of image quality, diagnostic reliability, and acquisition time.

This multicenter, prospective study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose radiotherapy (15Gy/1.5 Gy bid × 10 fractions) combined with 4-6 cycles of systemic chemotherapy plus anti-PD-L1 antibody, followed by anti-PD-L1 antibody maintenance for up to two years, in participants with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Additionally, dynamic monitoring using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology will be performed to assess ctDNA levels, genetic information, and mutation abundance at the following time points: before and after low-dose radiotherapy, after 4-6 cycles of chemotherapy plus anti-PD-L1 antibody (chemotherapy-immunotherapy), and before the initiation of anti-PD-L1 maintenance therapy. This approach aims to guide efficacy and prognosis prediction, as well as to identify potential biomarkers associated with treatment response.

The purpose of this study is the evaluation of using bi-level positive airway pressure ventilation in candidates for fiber-optic bronchoscopy regarding benefits and drawbacks.

This study will utilize tissue and peripheral blood samples for metabolomics analysis and establish a longitudinal metabolomics cohort at multiple critical treatment time points to comprehensively investigate the role of metabolomics in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring of lung cancer. By profiling metabolic alterations, this study aims to identify potential biomarkers for distinguishing benign and malignant lung nodules, predicting therapeutic efficacy, and assessing long-term prognosis. Key time points include initial screening for lung nodules, postoperative evaluation to predict treatment outcomes, and therapeutic monitoring to assess efficacy after medication or other interventions. Through these analyses, the study seeks to uncover underlying metabolic mechanisms and provide valuable insights into personalized lung cancer management.

Chest ultrasound is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and management of the respiratory patient. With ultrasound, ultrasound artifacts representing the lung during inspiration and during exhalation are visualized and analyzed. During inspiration, the lung inflates with air while when exhaling, the lung empties. These two phases are visualized on ultrasound with a sliding motion of the pleural line, which represents the margin of the lung. The aim of the study is to identify the speed of filling and emptying of the lung by studying the characteristics of the pulsed Doppler wave to measure the speed of lung sliding as the significance of this finding has not yet been clarified. In both healthy subjects and patients with lung disease, it is not known whether there is a correlation between velocity measured by the Doppler wave with the main data recorded by a mechanical ventilator or spirometer.

This study will utilize tissue and peripheral blood samples for proteomics analysis and establish a longitudinal proteomics cohort at multiple critical treatment time points to explore the research value of proteomics in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer. The study includes key time points such as screening, postoperative efficacy prediction, and efficacy prediction after medication.

Prolonged Air Leak (PAL) is a common and serious problem after lung surgery. It can lead to worse patient outcomes, longer hospital stays, and higher costs. Reinforced staplers are designed to make the staple line stronger and reduce the risk of PAL. However, investigators don't know if they are better than standard staplers, especially in a specific type of lung surgery called fissureless lobectomy for lung cancer. This study aims to find out if reinforced staplers are more effective at reducing PAL and its complications compared to non-reinforced staplers. Reinforced staplers have been used in lung surgeries and have shown to reduce PAL. For example, staplers with special materials like polyglycolic acid (PGA) sheets have shown lower air leakage and fewer days with chest tubes. Other materials like expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) sleeves have also been used to manage air leaks in different types of lung surgeries. However, their effectiveness in fissureless lobectomy has not been studied yet.