Manuel Therapy

The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effects of manual therapy on spatiotemporal characteristics of gait and gait variability, functional exercise capacity, and pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The secondary aims of the study are to determine the effects of manual therapy on balance, respiratory muscle strength, quality of life, physical activity, symptom severity, accessory respiratory muscle activation, peripheral muscle strength, chest wall mobility, dysfunctional breathing, pain, and posture.

The aim of this study is to examine the immediate effects of mobilization and manipulation versus sham manipulation on plantar pressure, quality of life, and pain in patients with hallux valgus. Participants will be assessed using a sociodemographic data form, the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ), the Manchester Scale, goniometric measurements, the Multidimensional Nil Hallux Valgus Scale, the SF-36 Health Survey, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), and plantar pressure analysis via a pedobarographic device. The study will be conducted on a total of 60 feet, with 30 feet assigned to the manipulation group and 30 feet to the sham manipulation group.