Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy

The study is a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled, non-comparative phase II trial that investigates the efficacy of neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 antibody Cemiplimab treatment in patients with clinical stage I or II Merkel cell carcinoma who have have undergone primary tumour excision and are pending sentinel lymph node biopsy.

This is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial aimed at comparing different radiotherapy fractionation regimens combined with sequential dual immunotherapy versus traditional chemoradiotherapy in neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). A total of 342 pMMR/MSS LARC patients will be enrolled and randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to short-course radiotherapy (5×5Gy) followed by sequential dual immunotherapy (paromlimab + tuvonralimab + CAPEOX), long-course radiotherapy followed by sequential dual immunotherapy, or conventional long-course chemoradiotherapy. The primary endpoint is the complete response rate (pCR + cCR). Secondary endpoints include the proportion of patients adopting the "watch-and-wait" strategy, disease-free survival, overall survival, and safety. This study innovatively explores the synergistic mechanism of different radiotherapy fractionations with dual immunotherapy, optimizes the timing of immunotherapy initiation, and constructs a clinical-imaging-pathology multimodal efficacy prediction model, aiming to advance LARC treatment from empirical to precision therapy while achieving organ and function preservation.

This study aims to investigate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy with Iparomlimab and Tuvonralimab Injection (anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 antibody combination) in patients with resectable hepatocellular carcinoma at high risk of recurrence (Stage IB, Stage IIA).

This study intends to conduct a prospective, non-interventional study to compare the survival benefits of different surgical resection patterns for patients with non-small cell lung cancer who have achieved partial response (PR) after immunotherapy induction. The study plans to enroll patients suitable for surgery as assessed by radiomics evaluation and multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussion, and will assign them to the modified surgery group and the conventional surgery group based on patient preference. The resection scope in the modified surgery group is more limited compared to conventional surgery, aiming to maximize preservation of pulmonary function while ensuring oncological safety. This study will systematically evaluate the impact of different resection scopes on patient prognosis after neoadjuvant immunotherapy, providing clinical evidence for exploring individualized surgical strategies for non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immunotherapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment can be used for specific UTUC patients, especially for highly staged and/or grade tumors, such as kidneys with potentially decreased renal function after RNU. Neoadjuvant therapy is a series of treatments administered preoperatively for UTUC, mainly chemotherapy, and in recent years, novel therapies of immunotherapy have emerged. Since conventional cisplatin neoadjuvant regimens also require high preoperative renal function, neoadjuvant therapy regimens such as immunotherapy provide more effective and feasible treatments for patients who are intolerant to current cisplatin chemotherapy regimens. The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of the combination of disitamab vedotin, a human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) targeted ADC, and tislelizumab, a humanised PD-1 ICIs, as neoadjuvant treatment for non-metastatic, high-risk, HER-2 expressing UTUC. In our study, patients enrolled will receive neoadjuvant tislelizumab plus disitamab-vedotin therapy followed by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU), distal ureterectomy (DU) or ureteroscopic ablation (UA) .

The neoadjuvant strategy of immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy has been recommended for resectable or potentially resectable tumors without driver-gene alterations.However, the AE of chemotherapy is more than 40%，which bring fear to the patients，especially for those who cannot tolerate or refuse chemotherapy.Several studies indicated that the strategies of chemo-free ,such as the combination of immunotherapy with antiangiogenic therapy or with SBRT, were safe and well tolerated, without increasing adverse reactions. Both of them have a promising efficacy with a manageable toxicity profile in patients with resectable NSCLC. The investigators aim to assess the activity and safety of neoadjuvant SBRT and immunotherapy plus antiangiogenic therapy in patients with resectable NSCLC.

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if tislelizumab in combination with anlotinib and platinum-based doublet chemotherapy works to treat for resectable stage II-IIIB driver gene-negative NSCLC. It will also learn about the safety of tislelizumab in combination with anlotinib and platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. The main questions it aims to answer are: 1. Does tislelizumab combined with anlotinib and platinum-based doublet perioperative therapy can increase pCR rate as well as MPR rate、EFS、DFS、ORR、OS for resectable stage II-IIIB driver gene-negative NSCLC? 2. Is tislelizumab combined with anlotinib and platinum-based doublet perioperative therapy safe? Participants with histologically or cytologically confirmed NSCLC, potentially resectable, driver gene negative (II- IIIB stage), and without prior systemic treatment, who have signed the informed consent, will be screened for inclusion. After receiving 4 cycles of tislelizumab combined with anlotinib and platinum-based doublet chemotherapy, the subjects will be evaluated by a multidisciplinary team (MDT) to determine whether to proceed with radical surgical resection. The surgery will be performed within 3 to 7 weeks after the last neoadjuvant treatment. Postoperatively, patients will be divided into two subgroups based on the pathological results: For patients with postoperative pathological pCR, tislelizumab monotherapy will be used for maintenance treatment; For patients with postoperative pathological non-pCR, tislelizumab combined with anlotinib will be used for maintenance treatment. Both groups will continue treatment until disease progression as defined by RECIST 1.1, intolerable toxicity, withdrawal of informed consent, initiation of other anti-tumor therapy, death, or other situations specified in the protocol that require treatment cessation, whichever occurs first. The maximum treatment duration is 12 months. Survival and safety assessments will be continuously conducted thereafter.

This multicenter retrospective real-world study aims to evaluate the safety, efficacy and survival outcomes of neoadjuvant/induction immunotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The study covers diverse treatment pathways, including surgery, definitive radiotherapy, and non-surgical strategies. It addresses gaps in existing trials by establishing a comprehensive cohort spanning neoadjuvant/induction therapy, perioperative management, and follow-up, providing real-world evidence to support treatment decisions in both operable and inoperable cases.

To evaluate efficacy and safety of low dose radiotherapy combined with sintilimab and platinum based chemotherapy as neoadjuvant therapy for stage II-III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Neoadjuvant immunotherapy can significantly improve the pathological complete response (pCR) and major pathological response (MPR) rates in resectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and extend the event-free survival (EFS). However, the current means for evaluating its efficacy are limited. This study aims to utilize the convenient and non-invasive 68Ga-grazytracer PET imaging to detect the aggregation of CD8+ T cells in target lesions after neoadjuvant immunotherapy for stage III NSCLC, and to assess its value in efficacy monitoring, providing valuable information for clinical treatment decisions.

This is a Phase II study of neoadjuvant therapy of AK104 combined with nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin in fertility saving surgery for stage IB2-IB3 cervical cancer (FIGO 2018). The main questions it aims to answer are: * · Evaluate the safety of AK104 combined with nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin in the neoadjuvant treatment of cervical cancer * · Evaluate the tumor regression and Major Pathological Response(MPR) of AK104 combined with nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin as neoadjuvant therapy for cervical cancer.

Focusing on the clinical question of whether patients with advanced gastric cancer can benefit from immunotherapy, this project intends to detect the degree of CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte infiltration in patients with advanced gastric cancer before and after receiving neoadjuvant combined immunotherapy and neoadjuvant therapy alone. To explore the evolving nature of tumor immune response before and after neoadjuvant therapy for gastric cancer, and quantitatively present it through chemical immunohistochemical techniques to achieve a more accurate diagnosis and treatment and improve the long-term efficacy of patients.