Non-motor Symptoms

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether 100HZ respiratory-gated vagus nerve stimulation (RAVANS) can improve the non-motor symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). It will also learn the safety of 100HZ RAVANS. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can 100HZ RAVANS improve apathy in people with PD? Did the participants have any side effects or safety issues when undergoing 100HZ RAVANS? Researchers compared 100HZ RAVANS with sham stimulation (low-dose stimulation of the same site and treatment parameters) to see if 100HZ RAVANS could improve non-motor symptoms in patients with PD. Participants will: Receive 100HZ RAVANS or sham stimulation for 2 weeks. Neuropsychological assessment, imaging and biological sample collection were conducted before and after the entire cycle.

The goal of this project is to develop the international validation of two new rating scales, the Neuropsychiatric Fluctuations Scale (NFS) and the Shame in PARKinson's disease (SPARK) Scale, in order to improve the understanding of the extent and severity of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD).

As a surgical intervention, DBS can effectively relieve PD tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia and other symptoms. How to better screen patients suitable for DBS treatment and conduct reasonable preoperative and postoperative evaluation is crucial to judge the treatment effect and prognosis. The clinical symptom evaluation of PD patients can be divided into motor symptom evaluation and non-motor symptom evaluation. The motor symptoms of PD patients were evaluated by UPDRS III. The evaluation of non-motor symptoms in PD patients was mainly divided into three aspects: cognitive status, emotional status, and sleep status. Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess the cognitive status of PD patients. The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD) was used to assess the patients' depression status. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was used to assess the patients' anxiety status. The PD Sleep Scale 2nd version, The PD Sleep Scale 2nd version, PDSS - 2), and rem Sleep Behavior Disorder Questionnaire (sweet HK) (Rapid Eye Movement Sleep behaviors Disorder Questionnaire - Hong Kong, RBDQ - HK) to assess Sleep conditions.