Ophthalmology

Compare the corneal astigmatism data before and after the use of Systane COMPLETE to evaluate its impact on predicting changes in postoperative residual astigmatism, as well as the effects of using or not using Systane COMPLETE on preoperative and postoperative Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scores and Non-Invasive Tear Break-Up Time (NITBUT).

Phacoemulsification is one of the most used surgical methods for cataract surgery today, and the surgeries are under the anesthetic and sedative to make it comfortable and safe for patients. The most important issue is which method is the best for reducing the patient's anxiety, pain, and discomfort during surgery. Previous studies have analyzed the impact of intravenous injection of sedative on the quality of phacoemulsification surgery; however, the impact of oral anti-anxiety drugs (Alprazolam) on cataract surgery has not been intensively studied. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Alprazolam on satisfaction in cataract surgery. Oral sedation is more convenient and safer than intravenous sedation. Therefore, the investigators will further analyze whether patients using oral anti-anxiety drugs will have an improvement in the pain, anxiety, overall satisfaction, and side effects related to nausea and dizziness in the phacoemulsification surgery. This study will detailed record the patient's status in various aspects using questionnaire scales and scores. Through this research, the investigators will have the opportunity to comprehensively improve the surgical quality of cataract patients in a safe and convenient manner. The investigators plan to collect data from patients who participated in the study "Anxiety and surgery satisfaction for cataract patient with different state anxiety" (Research Ethics Committee Case No.: 202302067MINB) from October 2023 to August 2025, and plan to undergo phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation surgery in their second eye with local anesthetic at the Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital. The sample size of 250 participants was determined based on the type of intervention, expected effect size, outcome variability, desired statistical significance, trial power, and experiences from similar studies. Vulnerable populations and those with any relevant contraindications will be excluded during the enrollment process. All medical records and surgical process data, including privacy-related information, will only be accessible to professional medical personnel for analysis. The focus of this study will be on intraoperative satisfaction, pain scores, relevant discomfort symptoms during the surgery, and postoperative anxiety assessment scales.

Regular use of Systane COMPLETE in dry eye subjects before cataract surgery may optimize the ocular surface.

This study is a multicenter randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness and safety of EyeAgent, a multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) agent designed to assist ophthalmologists in clinical decision-making. Participants will be recruited from ophthalmology clinics and hospitals in Hong Kong and mainland China. The AI agent acts as a digital co-pilot, analyzing patient images and clinical history to provide diagnostic and management recommendations. The trial aims to determine whether the use of the AI agent improves diagnostic accuracy, treatment decision-making performance, report generation, workflow efficiency, and user satisfaction compared to standard clinical practice.

The cornea is the outermost transparent 'window' of the eye allowing light to enter and serving as the first-line immune and mechanical barrier. It is a complex avascular tissue composed of cells, stem cells, nerves, and collagen layers organized in an exquisite manner to maintain its transparency and self-healing capacity. This delicately balanced interplay of corneal elements is disrupted in rare diseases of the cornea, resulting in non-healing wounds, corneal ulceration, inflammation, new vessel ingrowth (neovascularization), defective innervation, scarring, oedema and loss of transparency. For many Rare Eye Diseases (REDs), drug development has been relatively unsuccessful, delivering few to no new therapies. Current management is often prohibitively expensive, has low efficacy and leads to debilitating side effects. The RESTORE VISION project (https://restorevision-project.eu/) aims to improve eye health by using cutting-edge models for each rare disease to test novel and repurposed compounds (9 in total) and determine drug mechanisms of action, formulating compounds as safe eye drop suspensions, and performing several first-in-human trials of novel therapies. Thes drugs have solid preliminary data showing beneficial effects in restoring the cell physiology, immune, avascular, neural and signaling environment in the cornea. The current clinical study is part of Work package 2 within the RESTORE VISION EU grant agreement (''Validation of human drug targets of repurposed drugs and novel therapies'') and aims to ascertain the expression levels of genes and proteins and investigate pathways of interest in human tissue and fluid samples of REDs, that are targeted by the proposed experimental/repurposed substances. Therapeutic target gene and/or protein expression will be verified in human blood, tears and conjunctival cells collected from 7 RED patient groups. The RESTORE VISION Consortium know multiple putative genes and proteins involved in the REDs and/or affected by the drugs to be tested in RED models. These will be analyzed in patient samples from the 7 REDs to see if they are 1) expressed at all; 2) differ in expression between patient and control group and 3) are correlated with clinical endpoints and/or symptoms of REDs. The 7 REDs under investigation are briefly explained as follows: 1. AAK: genetic progressive limbal stem cell degeneration leading to corneal neovascularization, inflammation, recurrent erosions, chronic pain and vision loss. 2. OCP: autoimmune scarring of the conjunctiva leads to deficient wound healing, inflammation, scarring, blindness and pain. 3. EEC Syndrome: Ectodermal Dysplasia causes pathological corneal scarring and blindness. 4. NK: involves a corneal nerve deficit leading to reduction or loss of corneal sensitivity, impaired wound healing, corneal ulceration and loss of vision. 5. LSCD: acquired or hereditary stem cell deficiency inducing epithelial breakdown, neovascularization, scarring and inflammation leading to decreased vision, tearing and pain. 6. oGvHD: a severe side-effect of successful bone-marrow transplantation leads to painful and blinding ocular surface inflammation, neovascularization and delayed wound healing. 7. CN: in high-risk transplantation, pathologic inflammation, corneal blood and lymphatic vessels are key risk factors for high-risk corneal graft failure, leading to graft rejection and blindness.

To evaluate the association between clinical determinants and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions in hospitalized patients who received tropicamide/phenylephrine 8 mg/50 mg/mL. An ambispective, interventional, longitudinal study will be conducted to actively identify adverse reactions to tropicamide/phenylephrine 8 mg/50 mg/mL, as well as the clinical determinants that may predispose patients to the occurrence of an adverse drug reaction (ADR). Data will be collected through the administration of a questionnaire and measurement of vital signs prior to the administration of tropicamide/phenylephrine 8 mg/50 mg/mL, and subsequently at 5 minutes, 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour, 2 hours after administration, with the aim of establishing an association between these variables.