Perioperative Period

In today's medical environment, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common procedure for treating gallbladder diseases, offering advantages such as smaller incisions and faster recovery. However, patients often experience significant preoperative anxiety and uncertainty when facing general anesthesia. This is mainly due to unfamiliarity with the anesthesia process, concerns about potential risks, and uncertainty regarding the overall experience. Excessive anxiety and uncertainty can not only affect the patient's emotional stability and cooperation but may also prolong postoperative recovery time and negatively impact the overall quality of medical care. Virtual Reality (VR) is an emerging innovative technology characterized by its immersive, interactive, and highly realistic features. It has been widely applied in fields such as education, psychotherapy, and healthcare education. By simulating the surgical environment and anesthesia process through VR technology, patients can gain visual and psychological adaptation before undergoing anesthesia. This helps enhance their understanding and sense of control over the medical procedure, thereby reducing feelings of unease and anxiety. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of a virtual reality (VR) intervention on preoperative anxiety and uncertainty in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. This experimental study recruited a total of 142 patients scheduled for surgery at a medical center, who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. Patients in the experimental group, in addition to receiving standard printed preoperative education materials, experienced a VR video the day before surgery. The video introduced the operating room environment and anesthesia procedures. The control group received only the printed educational materials. Research instruments included measures of anxiety (Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale \[APAIS\], Anxiety Visual Analogue Scale \[VAS\]), uncertainty (Uncertainty Visual Analogue Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale), and neuro-autonomic feedback indicators. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate its effectiveness. This study anticipates that the virtual reality (VR) intervention will effectively reduce patients' pre-anesthesia anxiety and uncertainty, thereby enhancing their adaptation to the general anesthesia process and improving psychological stability. The findings may provide clinical anesthesia nursing staff with evidence-based support for incorporating emerging technologies into pre-anesthesia education. Furthermore, the results can serve as a reference for developing diversified patient education models in the future.

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate if Shouhui Tongbian Capsules can shorten intestinal function recovery time (exhaust/defecation time) and improve defecation quality in perioperative patients, and to evaluate its safety and comfort advantages during the perioperative period. The study involves participants aged 18-70 years, both male and female, with ASA grade I-III scheduled for elective surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can Shouhui Tongbian Capsules shorten the intestinal function recovery time (first flatus and defecation time) in perioperative patients? Can Shouhui Tongbian Capsules improve defecation quality (assessed by Bristol Stool Scale) and reduce inflammatory factor levels (e.g., IL-6, TNF-α)? Researchers will compare the experimental group (receiving Shouhui Tongbian Capsules 2 pills twice daily from admission to the night before surgery, then resuming after bowel sound recovery and oral intake postoperatively, with a 3-day post-discharge regimen) to the control group (receiving routine perioperative care including diet control and standard bowel-cleansing drugs) to see if the capsules show superior efficacy in intestinal function recovery and safety. Participants will: Take Shouhui Tongbian Capsules according to the specified regimen (experimental group) or receive routine care (control group). Have their exhaust/defecation status recorded every 6 hours postoperatively. Undergo blood tests for liver/kidney function and inflammatory factors on the day before surgery and day 3 postoperatively. Complete questionnaires on bowel preparation comfort and postoperative defecation satisfaction.