Phlebitis

The goal of this observational study spanning over three years is to evaluate the effectiveness of implementing a co-designed, care bundle on intravascular access device (IVAD) quality and nurses and anaesthesiologist knowledge of IVADs best practices, at an intervention hospital compare to care as usual the a control hospital. Additional aims are to: 1. translate and validate a tool for identifying patients with difficult vein access within the Swedish healthcare context, 2. to evaluate the implementation related to its feasibility, acceptability, fidelity, and cost-effectiveness. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the implementation of evidence-based practices improve the quality of IVADs care, e.g. thrombophlebitis/phlebitis, extravasation, infiltration, dislodgement and increase register nurses and anaesthesiologists' knowledge of IVADs best practices? * Does the intervention bridge barriers to successful implementation and support routinization of evidence-based practices. * Which factors influence the implementation in terms of feasibility, acceptability, cost-effectiveness and compatibility with professionals' existing values and clinical workflows?

Peripheral intravenous catheters (PIVCs) are widely used for vascular access and represent one of the most common invasive procedures in hospitalized patients. Despite their clinical utility, PIVCs are associated with various complications, among which phlebitis is one of the most frequent and clinically significant. Phlebitis, characterized by inflammation of the venous wall, may occur during catheterization or within 24-96 hours after catheter removal and is associated with symptoms such as pain, erythema, swelling, and increased local temperature. Reported incidence rates vary widely in the literature, ranging from 1.5% to 80%, indicating a substantial burden on patient safety and healthcare systems. PIVC-related complications contribute to prolonged hospital stays, increased healthcare costs, delayed treatment, and reduced patient comfort, while also increasing the workload of healthcare professionals. In this context, early recognition of phlebitis and effective clinical decision-making are critical competencies for nursing students. However, traditional teaching approaches that primarily focus on theoretical knowledge may be insufficient to develop these complex clinical skills. Innovative, learner-centered educational strategies, such as video-based learning and simulation-based education, offer dynamic and interactive learning environments that promote active engagement and experiential learning. Video-based learning enhances accessibility, flexibility, and student engagement, while simulation-based approaches-particularly those involving standardized patients-provide realistic, safe environments for developing clinical, communication, and decision-making skills. This randomized controlled study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of standardized patient simulation and video-based learning, compared with traditional education, in improving nursing students' ability to recognize PIVC-related phlebitis and enhance their clinical decision-making skills. Secondary outcomes include learning satisfaction and self-confidence. By integrating evidence-based educational strategies, this study seeks to advance nursing education and contribute to improved patient safety by fostering clinically competent and confident future nurses.

Study in which a zinc oxide fixation device (a product that can help protect the skin) for catheters (polyurethane tubes inserted into a vein) will be tested to reduce catheter-related complications: catheter displacement, skin complications, phlebitis and pain..

Peripheral venous catheter complications are conditions that are frequently seen in intensive care clinics and require nursing care. The most common complications are phlebitis, infiltration and extravasation. Nurses should take the necessary precautions to prevent these complications from developing.. Therefore, this planned thesis study aims to establish an infusion monitoring system and evaluate its effectiveness in early detection of complications related to peripheral intravenous catheters. The research is planned as a randomized controlled experimental study. The study will be conducted in Ordu State Hospital General Intensive Care Unit 1 and General Intensive Care Unit 3 clinics. The universe of the study will consist of patients receiving inpatient treatment in General Intensive Care Unit 1 and General Intensive Care Unit 3 clinics. The sample size will be determined by g-power analysis after a two-month preliminary follow-up. Data will be collected with the "Clinical Follow-up Form", "Patient Information Form", and "Complication Follow-up Form". The clinics included in the study will be divided into two groups as experimental and control groups. First, the frequency of complications will be determined in the experimental and control groups. Then, while the control group continues its routine protocol and applications, an infusion follow-up system will be developed in the experimental group and will be used by nurses in patient care. In the final stage, the frequency of peripheral venous catheter complications will be determined again. Data will be evaluated using the SPSS 22.0 package program at a significance level of p\<0.05 and a confidence interval of 95%.