Physical Exercise

Patients with pancreatic cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy often experience functional decline, treatment interruptions, and clinical deterioration, and these risks may be amplified when frailty is present.

Breast cancer has a high impact, affecting 2.3 million women worldwide in 2022. In Spain, there were 40,203 new cases in 2023. In addition to the economic and social costs, patients suffer genitourinary dysfunctions due to cancer treatments. Genitourinary Menopausal Syndrome (GUS) affects 50% of menopausal women, with a higher prevalence in women with breast cancer. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of radiofrequency (RF) and pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFMT) in the treatment of pelvic dysfunction associated with GUS in breast cancer patients. A randomised, double-blind clinical trial will be conducted in collaboration with the Association of Women Affected by Breast Cancer of Elche and Region) and the CEU Cardenal Herrera University. Women diagnosed with breast cancer and pelvic dysfunction will participate, divided into three groups: one will receive PFMT, one will receive RF and one will receive PFMT+RF therapy. Both techniques are expected to improve the quality of life of patients, where RF could offer additional benefits due to its proven effectiveness in the treatment of vaginal dryness and dyspareunia. The expected results will contribute to more effective and less invasive treatment protocols. The project presented has the potential to positively impact the health and well-being of women with breast cancer, reducing the symptoms associated with the disease and its treatment, and improving their quality of life.

CLINICAL TRIAL ON THE EFFECT OF SUPERVISED PHYSICAL EXERCISE AFTER BARIATRIC SURGERY ON MUSCLE MASS AND BONE DENSITY (OBEFIT STUDY)

The aim of this research is to analyze whether nutritional intervention combined with a multicomponent physical training program based on strength, balance, and aerobic exercises can prevent disability caused during hospitalization in individuals aged 75 years or older admitted for medical conditions, thereby improving functional and cognitive capacity. To achieve this objective, we will conduct a randomized clinical trial in which patients are randomly assigned to either the control group, which does not perform the physical training, or the intervention group, which participates in the multicomponent physical training program.

The aim of the present study is to apply neuroimaging techniques to investigate how physical exercise may influence the addiction circuitry, ultimately reducing alcohol consumption and craving in youth binge drinkers. This proposal will advance knowledge on how exercise may modulate the neurocircuitry of addiction. Uncovering the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the interactive neural effects of exercise and alcohol intake may provide additional scientific insights for the development of preventive and intervention programs for youth BD and AUD.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is an irregular and often very fast heart rhythm, is considered the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia in adults worldwide, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing. Currently, the estimated prevalence of AF in adults is 2-4%, and is projected to increase 2.3-fold. AF is associated with increased morbimortality and other comorbidities (hypertension diabetes etc.) which places a significant burden on the patient himself, social health and also on health and social care expenditure. The European Society of Cardiology proposes an integrated ABC model (A: Anticoagulation, B: main symptom management, C: optimization of comorbidities and cardiovascular) and within this model, catheter ablation (B) is considered one of the main treatments to control AF symptoms; physical activity (C) is considered one of the modifiable health risk factors and is considered within a lifestyle intervention together with weight loss. Catheter ablation of AF is currently the treatment of choice for paroxysmal AF. It uses small burns or frostbite to cause some scarring inside the heart to help interrupt the electrical signals that cause the irregular heartbeat. It is a safe procedure that has been shown to be more effective than treatment with antiarrhythmic drugs in reducing the arrhythmic burden and, therefore, the morbidity and mortality associated with the pathology. Many studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of moderate physical activity and physical exercise on cardiovascular health. However, there is still controversy as to whether physical activity is associated with an increased risk of AF in the general population; while some studies report a decreased risk of AF, others suggest an increase or that there is no evidence of an association between AF and physical activity. Few studies have yet focused on the effects of physical activity in those subjects who have undergone catheter ablation. Studies that have evaluated physical activity with questionnaires associate it, when of moderate or high intensity, with lower recurrence of AF and lower incidence of serious events. It is true that the practice of regular and controlled physical exercise is a recognized part of the comprehensive care of patients with coronary heart disease (patients whose heart has difficulty receiving blood), and exercise is systematically identified as a central element of their rehabilitation. However, to date there is no similar approach for AF ablation patients. Given the current situation of the subject of interest, the main objective of this project is to study the influence of a physical exercise program in patients undergoing catheter ablation of AF on different morphological and physiological variables of the heart, levels of physical activity and quality of life of patients. Investigators intend to recruit 120 participants, who will be randomly and equally distributed into a group that will perform a physical exercise intervention and a control group that will not perform any type of intervention. Participation in the study will not disrupt the normal practice of the health care system with these patients.

To assess in women with triple-negative breast cancer receiving neo-adjuvant chemotherapy the effects of an intense physical exercise program (intervention group) on physical capacity, compared with a control group not meeting the minimum exercise recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO).

Over the recent years, the increased competitive demands in elite competitive athletes has sparked a heightened interest in monitoring fatigue. Given the nature of the soccer game, athletes may experience low-frequency fatigue. Until recently, this assessment was restricted to in-lab. However, the emergence of new instruments aiming to allow low-frequency assessment to be carried out on a daily basis, in the context of professional teams. This study aimed to analyze the recovery of low-frequency fatigue, jump height and perceptual responses following competition and investigate possible associations between the objective and subjective parameters.

This study aims to compare the effects of aerobic exercise with or without addition of resistance exercise to usual care in individuals treated with anthracyclines for lymphomas and to compare exercise effects to age- and sex-matched individuals with no prior history of malignant diseases.