Postoperative Respiratory Dysfunction

Open heart surgery is often associated with postoperative pulmonary complications, reduced lung expansion, dyspnea, and impaired cardiopulmonary function. Breathing exercises are commonly used after surgery to improve lung ventilation, enhance oxygenation, and support respiratory recovery. However, limited evidence is available comparing the effectiveness of segmental breathing exercises and active cycle breathing technique (ACBT) in patients after open heart surgery. This randomized controlled trial will compare the effects of segmental breathing exercises and ACBT on dyspnea and cardiopulmonary parameters in adults undergoing open heart surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the segmental breathing exercise group, the ACBT group, or the standard care group during the postoperative period following extubation. Cardiopulmonary parameters, including oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure, as well as dyspnea severity and postoperative pulmonary complications, will be assessed before and after the interventions. The findings of this study may help identify the most effective breathing exercise technique for improving respiratory outcomes, reducing postoperative pulmonary complications, and supporting evidence-based postoperative rehabilitation after cardiac surgery.

This study examines the effects of coughing exercises and incentive spirometry (IS) on lung function and recovery in children who undergo heart surgery. The main goals are to see: How coughing exercises and IS affect breathing and lung function after surgery? How these exercises influence overall recovery after surgery? Children who participate will be randomly assigned to one of three groups: coughing exercises, IS, or standard care. Those in the exercise groups will perform their assigned breathing exercises every 3 hours for the first 3 days after surgery. Daily check-ups will be conducted to monitor their progress, lung function, and oxygen levels. The study will measure breathing ability, oxygen levels, and recovery milestones to find out which method is most effective in preventing lung complications and helping children recover faster.

Morbidly obese patients undergoing open heart surgery are at increased risk of breathing problems after removal of the breathing tube due to reduced lung function and chest wall restriction following surgery. These complications may result in poor oxygenation, respiratory failure, and prolonged ICU stay. Airway Pressure Release Ventilation (APRV) is a mechanical ventilation mode that improves lung recruitment and oxygenation. This study aims to evaluate whether the prophylactic use of APRV after ICU admission, compared with conventional lung-protective mechanical ventilation, improves oxygenation, lung function, and ICU outcomes in morbidly obese patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Patients will be randomly assigned to receive either APRV or conventional ventilation during postoperative mechanical ventilation, followed by standard weaning and extubation. Outcomes include oxygenation index, lung ultrasound findings, need for reintubation, and ICU clinical outcomes.