Premalignant Lesion

The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) assistance during routine upper endoscopy on gastric cancer-specific mortality. We hypothesize that AI-assisted endoscopic interpretation can further reduce gastric cancer-related mortality through two mechanisms: (1) improved detection of H. pylori infection, facilitating timely eradication therapy and subsequent prevention of gastric carcinogenesis; and (2) earlier identification of premalignant gastric conditions, enabling appropriate surveillance endoscopy and earlier detection of gastric cancer. The primary endpoint is gastric cancer-specific mortality.

Upper digestive tract cancers are often preceded by pre-malignant lesions, but there is limited evidence regarding optimal risk prediction models and screening strategies for disease progression and cancer development. This prospective multicenter cohort study aims to establish a longitudinal database integrating clinical information, endoscopic findings, pathology, genetics, epigenetics, and gastrointestinal microbiota data from subjects undergoing upper digestive tract endoscopy. The study will develop explainable artificial intelligence (AI)-based risk prediction models to identify factors associated with disease progression, treatment response, and cancer development. Participants will be followed longitudinally to evaluate changes in lesion severity and clinical outcomes.

To evaluate the antitumor efficacy of intralesional injections of nivolumab in patients with high-risk oral premalignant lesions

Background: Anastomotic leakage (AL) after colorectal surgery remains a significant challenge, associated with increased morbidity, mortality, poor oncological outcomes, and reduced quality of life. Despite surgical advances, AL rates for colorectal procedures continue to range from 3% to 25%, especially in distal anastomoses. The commonly used cross-stapled circular anastomosis for anterior resections (AR) activates a foreign body response delaying gastrointestinal wound healing and potentially increasing the risk of AL. Additionally, crossed stapler lines further increase the risk of AL. An adaptive anastomosis technique eliminates permanent foreign body material, thereby reducing negative effects on wound healing and avoiding cross-stapling potentially lowering the incidence of AL. These areas have shown to have a lower burst pressure compared to a single stapled anastomosis. An adaptive anastomotic technique eliminates cross-stapling and permanent foreign body material in the anastomosis reducing the negative effects on wound healing potentially lowering the incidence of AL. Design: This is a prospective, international, non-randomized, multicentre study. Endpoints: The Primary objective of this trial is to assess the incidence of AL within 30 days after surgery. Secondary objectives are to assess anastomotic integrity at 90 days and 1 year, intraoperative efficacy and efficiency of the C-REX device, time to evacuation of the anastomotic ring, mode of evacuation and related patient experience, postoperative morbidity and readmissions, C-reactive protein (CRP) profile in the early postoperative period, functional outcomes, cost-effectiveness and surgical quality. Population: A total of 165 patients (age ≥ 18 years) with histologically proven cT1-4aN0-2M0 cancer of the sigmoid colon or proximal rectum, or premalignant lesions not amenable to endoscopic resection, that require elective AR will be enrolled throughout 10 European colorectal centers. Study procedures: The anastomosis will be created using the C-REX RectoAid Cath. The healing period will be approximately 10 days. The anastomotic ring detaches via necrosis and is evacuated with the feces. Patients will be asked to fill out questionnaires regarding Low Anterior Resection Syndrome (LARS) and use of healthcare and these will be gathered preoperatively, 90 days postoperative and 1 year after surgery. At 12 months a CT-scan and colonoscopy will be performed.

To evaluate the design, safety and efficacy of OralViome Cancer Testing system in the early detection of Oral and Throat Cancers using saliva metatranscriptomic analysis. This study will recruit only at existing clinical sites and will NOT use any additional clinical sites.