Primary Insomnia

Sleep is essential for our overall health and well-being, much like food and water. It plays a vital role in numerous bodily functions. Many studies have been conducted to determine the efficacy of melatonin congeners and Mg supplements in patients with insomnia separately. This study aims to compare the efficacy of melatonin and magnesium supplements in young adults with primary insomnia. Most insomnia studies focus on older adults or individuals with comorbidities. Targeting otherwise healthy young adults brings age-specific relevance and novel insight.

This study is a single-blinded (outcome assessor) and parallel-group non-inferiority RCT. Chinese older adults aged ≥60 years with chronic primary insomnia will be randomized evenly (1:1) to either the brisk walking training group or the CBT-I group. Participants in the brisk walking training group receive an eight-week instructor-led interval brisk walking training (40 minutes/session, three sessions/week). Participants in the CBT-I group receive standard-of-care group-based eight-session CBT-I (one session/week). Self-reported and objective sleep outcomes are measured at baseline (T0), after completion of the intervention (T1), and six (T2), and 12 months after T1 (T3).

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of technology-assisted breathing exercises combined with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I) in primary insomnia patients to investigate. For this purpose, we will conduct 1 study. This will be a randomized controlled trial in which 72 patients randomly and stratified by gender will be divided into 3 groups. A first group follows the standard treatment Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I), the second group follows the combined treatment Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia with a technology supported breathing exercises with a tactile breath pacer device (Moonbird) (CBT-I + Moonbird) and a third group follows the standard treatment Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia and receives a non-functional technology supported breathing exercises with a tactile breath pacer device (Moonbird). The therapy, baseline measurements, screening for inclusion and questionnaire administration and ambulatory polysomnography (PSG) will be performed by the sleep psychologists at the UZ Brussel. The polysomnography screening for in- or exclusion (i.e. presence of other untreated sleep disorders) will be performed at the UZ Brussel. Furthermore, two follow-up measurements will be scheduled. The first measurement will take place immediately after the treatment while the second measurement will take place 3 months after the treatment.

The classical literature combined with modern medicine to select acupoints, in order to intervene in the autonomic nerve function of the superior cervical sympathetic ganglion as an opportunity, put forward the meridian acupoints mainly to reconcile the head orifices Ying Wei, acupuncture treatment of primary insomnia clinical research. Heart rate variability ( HRV ), Pittsburgh sleep quality index ( PSQI ), polysomnography ( PSG ) and the MOS item short from health survey ( SF-36 ) were observed. Insomnia Severity Index ( ISI ), Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes about Sleep Scale 16 ( DBAS-16 ), GABA, Glx and other secondary indicators were used to clarify the clinical short-term and long-term efficacy of different acupoints in the treatment of patients with primary insomnia and the intervention effect on HRV.

Through the recruition of outpatients who clinically meet the diagnostic criteria and inclusion criteria of PI, the acupuncture group adopts Tiaoshen acupuncture, and the placebo acupuncture group adopts non-insertive acupuncture supported by the Park device, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is used as the main index to evaluate the patients through the scale; subjective indicators like Chalder 14-item fatigue scale, Epworth sleepiness rating, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS) and objective indicators like polysomnography (PSG), heart rate variability (HRV) is regarded as a secondary index, and then evaluate the clinical efficacy of Tiaoshen acupuncture on PI and explore its mechanism.