Risky Health Behavior

This research study will test the effectiveness of a culturally grounded parenting intervention called Parenting in 2 Worlds (P2W). This intervention is designed for American Indian / Alaska Native (AI) parents/guardians of adolescents who reside in urban areas. This will be a multi-regional effectiveness trial across four regions: Northeast (Buffalo/Niagara), Midwest (St. Paul/Minneapolis), Mountain (Denver), and Southwest (Phoenix). There are four specific aims. First, this study will test the effectiveness of Parenting in Two Worlds (P2W) as compared to an informational family health intervention, Healthy Families in 2 Worlds (HF2W), in improving parenting and family functioning. Second, this study will test if the relative effectiveness of P2W, compared to HF2W, varies by parent's/guardian's level of socioeconomic vulnerability, experiences of historical loss, or AI cultural identity. Third, this study will examine if P2W can reduce adolescent (ages 12 - 17) risky health behaviors including substance use, depressive symptoms, suicidality, and risky sexual behaviors. Fourth, this study will examine whether positive changes in parenting and family functioning that result from P2W lead to positive changes in adolescent's health behaviors.

The goal of this quasi-experimental, community intervention is to reduce HIV sexual risk among Latino immigrant bisexual men or men who have sex with men. The main questions the study aims to answer are: Does the intervention improve sexual risk behaviors? Does the intervention increase self-esteem and social support? Are self-esteem and social support mediators in the link between the intervention and sexual risk? Researchers will compare information from the intervention versus control participants to answer the above questions. Participants in the intervention arm will take part in: * One day-long (8-hour) group retreat. * Weekly discussion groups. * Community events and civic engagement activities. * Prevention counseling. Participants in the control arm will not be part of any activity.