Severe Acute Respiratory Infection

This study aims to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of two preventive immunization strategies against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-associated severe acute respiratory infection in infants less than six months of age in Bogotá, Colombia. The strategies include maternal vaccination with RSVpreF administered between 28 and 36 weeks of gestation and neonatal immunization with nirsevimab for infants born to mothers who did not receive RSVpreF during pregnancy. Using a test-negative case-control design embedded in the city's sentinel surveillance system, infants hospitalized for severe respiratory infection will be systematically tested for RSV. Comparative vaccine effectiveness will be estimated to determine the impact of maternal RSV vaccination and neonatal monoclonal antibody immunization on RSV-associated hospitalizations, intensive care admissions, and mortality. The study will generate real-world evidence to inform local and regional public health decisions and guide the implementation of cost-effective hybrid immunization strategies against RSV in middle-income settings.

This is a multi-centre, prospective, short period incidence observational study of patients in participating hospitals and intensive care units (ICUs) with SARI. The study period will occur, in both Northern and Southern hemispheric winters. The study period will comprise a 5 to 7-day cohort study in which patients meeting a SARI case-definition, who are newly admitted to the hospitals / ICUs at participating sites, will be included in the study. The study will be conducted in 20 to 40-hospital/ ICU-based research networks globally. All clinical information and sample data will only be recorded if taken as part of the routine clinical practice at each site and only fully anonymised and de-identified data will be submitted centrally. The primary aim of this study is to establishing a research response capability for a future epidemic / pandemic through a global SARI observational study. The secondary aim of this study is to investigate the descriptive epidemiology and microbiology profiles of patients with SARI. The tertiary aim of this study is to assess the Ethics, Administrative, Regulatory and Logistic (EARL) barriers to conducting pandemic research on a global level.