Severe Infection

This is a prospective, multicenter, observational cohort study involving patients with hematologic malignancies who are receiving bispecific antibody therapy. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the incidence, type, and severity of infectious complications in hematologic patients undergoing treatment with bispecific antibodies. Secondary objectives include identifying risk factors associated with infection, comparing infectious outcomes across different hematologic malignancies and BsAb types, and assessing the impact of infections on overall treatment outcomes.

The primary objective of the IMPACT-NAC trial is to assess the effects of N-acetylcysteine on survival and hospital length of stay in adults admitted to the emergency department with acute infection or sepsis and evidence of liver dysfunction. The main question it aims to answer is: does N-acetylcysteine increase the number of days alive and out of the hospital within the first 14 days after enrolment in the trial? To answer this question, we will conduct a randomized, double-blinded controlled trial of 360 participants. Participants will be randomized to either N-acetylcysteine or placebo (normal saline without active drugs). This will be administered as an infusion during four hours within the first day of hospital admission.

Severe bacterial infections are a worldwide scourge. However, the epidemiology of this type of infection varies over time. It is therefore essential to monitor them in order to prevent them more effectively. At this time, in France, no monitoring exists for this kind of infections.

To investigate PICUs in major cities in China by establishing a high-quality standardized clinical database of PICU inpatients Incidence, fatality rate, pathogen distribution, anti-infective treatment of community-acquired/nosocomial infections in inpatients.

This is a prospective observational study involving adult patients with severe infection who are admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Severe infection and sepsis are major causes of death worldwide. Many patients experience uncontrolled inflammation or immune suppression, but current tests are limited in identifying which patients are at highest risk. This study focuses on specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), a group of naturally occurring lipid molecules that help the body turn off inflammation and promote healing. Blood samples that are collected during routine clinical care will be used to measure levels of SPMs. No additional blood draws or experimental treatments will be performed. The purpose of this study is to understand how SPM levels change over time in patients with severe infection and how these changes relate to organ function and outcomes such as survival. By combining SPM measurements with routine laboratory results, immune cell counts, and imaging findings, the study aims to identify different clinical phenotypes and to develop tools that may help doctors recognize high-risk patients earlier in the future. All participants will receive standard medical care determined by their treating physicians. No experimental drugs or interventions are given as part of this study.

Ceftazidime/avibactam (CZA) is an essential treatment option for managing infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative (G-) bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumoniae OXA-48 and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients frequently exhibit altered pharmacokinetics (PK) of CZA, potentially compromising optimal PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) target attainment with standard dosing regimens. This study compares the efficacy of continuous infusion (CI) versus conventional intermittent dosing (ID) of CZA in critically ill ICU patients with severe infections caused by K. pneumoniae OXA-48 or P. aeruginosa. This single-centre, randomized, open-label trial will be conducted at a tertiary care hospital within the University Hospital Centre in Zagreb, Croatia, with a 1:1 allocation ratio. One hundred forty critically ill ICU patients requiring CZA treatment will be randomized to receive either ID (2 g/0.5 g every 8 hours over 2 hours) or an equivalent dose in CI (6 g/1.5 g continuously over 24 hours). The primary outcome is the microbiological success rate. Secondary outcomes include clinical success rate, time to symptom improvement, length of ICU and hospital stay, 28-day all-cause mortality, pathogen recurrence rate, time to weaning from mechanical ventilation, cumulative vasoactive-inotropic score, adverse events, and the ratio of ceftazidime plasma concentration to the pathogen's minimum inhibitory concentration (C/MIC). This trial seeks to provide evidence on the optimal administration strategy for CZA in critically ill ICU patients with severe infections due to MDR G- pathogens.

Severe infections in pediatric intensive care unit are not uncommon. Historically, the diagnosis of hereditary (primary) immune deficiency required a combination of recurrent clinical signs and biological stigmas. This paradigm is currently being questioned, and grows the hypothesis of a potential underlying genetic susceptibility in any severe infection. To date, the proportion of severe infections explained by an underlying immune deficiency is unknown. The aim of this prospective study is to assess the incidence of primary immune deficiencies in children with severe infection, regardless of their etiology.

This study is observational, retrospective and prospective study in pediatric patients hospitalized with invasive streptococcal A infection

PHAGEinLYON Clinic cohort study is a single site non-interventional retrospective and prospective study, initiated by the Hospices Civils de Lyon. Population targeted are patients with a severe infection treated with bacteriophage in the Hospices civils de Lyon from 2015 to 2033. The primary objective is to describe the severe infections treated with phagotherapy. 250 patients will be included in the study.

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare the clinical efficacy of individualized dosing based on the population pharmacokinetics (PK) model and empirical dosing of vancomycin in participants with severe infections. It aims to answer whether individual vancomycin dosing based on population PK model is superior to empirical dosing in terms of clinical efficacy and safety. Participants will be randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group will be guided by the population PK model for individual dosing, and the control group will be given empirical dosing. Demographic data, clinical characteristics of participants, and their trough concentrations (Cmin) and peak concentrations (Cmax) of vancomycin will be collected. Area under the concentration curve (AUC24) of participants will be calculated using the first-order PK equation. Researchers will compare experimental group and control group to see if individual vancomycin dosing based on population PK model is superior to empirical dosing in terms of clinical efficacy and safety.

This cohort study aims to describe the adverse events related to the use of bacteriophages to treat serious infections, data from the literature being almost non-existent on this subject.