Severe Pneumonia

The goal of this pilot randomized controlled trial is to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a child life-based breathing exercise program for children recovering from severe pneumonia. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Is the child life-based breathing exercise program feasible for hospitalized children recovering from severe pneumonia? * Can the program improve caregiver satisfaction and promote recovery in children with severe pneumonia? Researchers will compare a child life-based breathing exercise program combined with routine health education with routine health education alone to determine whether the intervention improves rehabilitation outcomes. Participants will: * Receive either routine health education alone or routine health education combined with the child life-based breathing exercise program * Participate in breathing exercise training during hospitalization * Complete assessments of caregiver satisfaction and clinical recovery outcomes, including improvement in chest imaging findings and time to resolution of symptoms such as cough, fever, and dyspnea.

This is a prospective, multicenter observational cohort study involving approximately 2,700 patients, designed to delineate the natural history of pneumonia by tracking the complete clinical course and dynamic multi-omics evolution from the acute phase to recovery; the study aims to quantify severe conversion rates and mortality by comparing baseline characteristics, pathogen distribution, and immune response trajectories between severe and non-severe groups, ultimately revealing the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease progression and optimizing clinical risk stratification strategies.

Severe pneumonia requires rapid and accurate diagnosis for targeted treatment, but single lung CT has limitations in identifying pathogens and distinguishing infectious/non-infectious etiologies. This is a retrospective self-controlled study enrolling patients diagnosed with severe pneumonia at the institution between 2024 and 2025 (recruitment will be extended 6-12 months if fewer than 400 patients are enrolled), all of whom underwent both single lung CT and bronchoscopy-combined CT examinations. Clinical data will be collected retrospectively, including demographic information, bronchoscopic mucosal findings (e.g., congestion, exudation), lung CT lesion characteristics (e.g., consolidation, ground-glass opacity), and gold standard diagnostic results (pathogenic detection or clinical comprehensive diagnosis). The core objective is to compare the diagnostic precision between single lung CT and bronchoscopy-combined CT, focusing on accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity across three etiological subtypes (bacterial/fungal, viral, non-infectious). Bronchoscopy complements CT by directly visualizing airway mucosal changes, while CT provides panoramic views of pulmonary lesions. Their combination is hypothesized to improve diagnostic accuracy. The findings aim to optimize diagnostic strategies for severe pneumonia, guiding clinicians to select more effective imaging approaches.

This study was a prospective multicenter cohort of severe pneumonia. And by collecting clinical samples to clarify the correlation between lung microbiome, intestinal microbiome, host susceptibility, and prognosis of severe pneumonia patients.

Severe pneumonia(SP) is a one of the main causes of death for critically ill patients.Samples of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from SP patients often report positive for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) DNA. However, to date, it is unclear the impact and significance of this positive result on SP patients. This study will evaluate the prognostic impact of lower respiratory tract HSV-1 infection/reactivation on ICU severe pneumonia patients.At the same time, by analyzing the risk factors that affect prognosis, we will identify populations with the potential for intervention benefits and provide a basis for further intervention treatment.

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate whether the integration of in-person skills practice (ISP) with an adaptive e-learning platform can improve refresher learning progress (RLP) among healthcare providers in pediatric care settings in Tanzania. The main questions it aims to answer are: Can healthcare providers who participate in ISP sessions facilitated by clinical champions achieve greater improvements in refresher learning progress (RLP)? Will providers in the intervention group demonstrate improved metacognition and practical skill performance compared to those in the control group? Researchers will compare healthcare providers using the ISP digital platform (Rhapsode Capable™) to providers using paper-based ISP to see if the digital platform results in significantly higher RLP and fewer skill-based errors. Participants will: Complete adaptive e-learning modules focused on pediatric care topics (e.g., newborn resuscitation, severe malnutrition). Participate in ISP sessions where clinical champions provide feedback and assess performance.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the biomarkers for rapid diagnosis and stratified diagnosis of severe respiratory tract infectious diseases through clinical experiments.

This study collected data from 600 patients with severe pneumonia to compare the duration of mechanical ventilation under different sedation regimens in real-world settings. It also evaluated and compared the sedation success rates, hemodynamic changes, and clinical outcomes of patients with severe pneumonia.

Severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) represents a major cause of hospital mortality. Among severe CAP cases, some exhibit a rapidly progressive evolution, leading to severe ARDS/acute respiratory failure and septic shock within hours to a few days. This type of pneumonia, known as "fulminant pneumonia," is characterized by its rapid onset and deterioration, often necessitating immediate medical intervention. Despite its severity, the true incidence and optimal treatment for fulminant pneumonia are not well understood. This knowledge gap is due to the lack of attention towards pneumonia as a potential time-dependent illness and the separation of overlapping clinical topics: severe pneumonia, ARDS, and sepsis. In clinical practice, pneumonia is the most frequent cause of both ARDS and sepsis. However, these conditions are often considered separately, combining ARDS and sepsis from various extra-pulmonary causes with those originating from pneumonia. The COVID-19 pandemic, with its vast number of severe CAP cases in a short period, has highlighted the existence of fulminant pneumonias, underscoring the need for further investigation. Recent randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and experiences from COVID-19 have suggested that early and prolonged corticosteroid administration can reduce mortality in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe CAP/ARDS of bacterial origin. The aim of this observational study is to analyze the rate of fulminant pneumonia and assess the impact of early corticosteroid treatment in a multicentric population of hospitalized patients with severe pneumonia.

This study is a prospective observation study for lower respiratory tract infections in medical intensive care unit. Microbiologic and clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with severe pneumonia in medical intensive care unit will be monitored and analyzed.