Skeletal Class III Malocclusion

The goal of this clinical trial is to compare two types of palatal expanders used with a facemask in children who have skeletal Class III and a narrow upper jaw. The study will compare the Invisalign Palatal Expander (IPE) and the Rapid Palatal Expander (RPE). Researchers want to learn how these devices affect jaw bones and tooth position. They also want to learn about children's and parents' experiences during treatment. The main questions this study aims to answer are: Do IPE and RPE widen the upper jaw differently? Do they cause different changes in tooth position? How do children and parents describe their treatment experience? Participants will be children aged 8 to 12 years who have skeletal Class III and a narrow upper jaw. Children with craniofacial conditions, previous upper jaw expansion, or medical conditions that prevent orthodontic treatment will not take part. Parents and children must give consent before joining the study. Participants will: Be assigned to receive either IPE or RPE Expand the upper jaw to 7 mm (0.25 mm per day) After expansion, wear a facemask for at least 12 hours per day for 6 to 8 months Have cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans taken before expansion, after expansion, and after facemask treatment Take part in an interview with a parent after expansion Researchers will use CBCT images to measure changes in jaw bones and tooth position. The main outcomes are changes in jaw bones and tooth position. Secondary outcomes include children's and parents' experiences during treatment.

This retrospective non-randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to compare the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of two orthopedic treatment protocols for skeletal Class III malocclusion in growing patients: a conventional tooth-borne rapid maxillary expansion combined with facemask therapy, and a hybrid skeletal anchorage expander combined with chin-plate traction. Lateral cephalometric changes before and after maxillary protraction were analyzed to assess sagittal skeletal correction and dentoalveolar effects.