Stools

The first 1000 days of life are a critical period for future health. A healthy gut microbiota (GM) is essential for preventing both short-term and long-term health issues. Breast milk (BM) plays a key role in establishing the GM, as, unlike formula milk, it contains miRNAs that may interact with and modulate the microbiota. Primary Objective: To study the effect of BM on the composition of fecal miRNAs in exclusively breastfed infants compared to those fed with formula milk at different times (D10, D30, D60, M6, M12). Secondary Objectives: Analyze the effect of BM miRNAs on infant fecal microbiota, taking environmental confounding factors into account. Study the influence of BM microbiota on miRNA profiles in the milk. Examine the effect of BM microbiota on the infants' gut microbiota. Explore the links between BM miRNAs, infant gut microbiota, and intestinal inflammation.