Temporomandibular Joint Disorder

This case-control study investigates fatigue induced by prolonged gum mastication in individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The study addresses two primary questions: How does self-reported fatigue, measured with a visual analogue scale (VAS), change during sustained chewing? How do static and dynamic surface electromyographic (sEMG) parameters evolve over the same period? Participants with TMD will be compared with healthy controls to determine group differences in perceived fatigue and EMG responses. All participants will undergo baseline EMG assessment, then chew sugar-free gum continuously for 3 minutes, alternating sides without rest. After each 3-minute interval, static and dynamic EMG recordings will be obtained and participants will rate their fatigue on the VAS. This cycle may be repeated up to six times (maximum 18 minutes). Participants are free to stop chewing at any time if fatigue becomes intolerable.

Pain in the orofacial region has a 10% prevalence in the general population and health care providers are therefore expected to encounter these patients on a daily basis. Chronic orofacial pain often presents as jaw pain related to overload of the jaw muscles and temporomandibular joints. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone-based behavioural intervention (Ecological Momentary Intervention, EMI) grounded in Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), compared to standard treatment with an occlusal splint and a waiting list control group.

t is recognized that cortisol, a hormone produced by the adrenal glands, is a marker that is elevated in patients with psychological disorders, particularly anxiety. On the other hand, Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) are a condition with a multifactorial etiology, in which emotional disturbances play a crucial role. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate whether patients with TMD have higher levels of salivary cortisol compared to the general population. Initially, an assessment will be conducted using the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) protocol to determine whether the patient suffer of any kind of Temporomandibular Disorder. Based on the results, individuals will be classified into two groups: the study group, consisting of patients with TMD, and the control group, composed of individuals without the disorder. Those who agree to participate will be required to sign an informed consent form. Subsequently, a saliva sample will be collected for analysis.