Thoracotomy

This study aims to compare the frequency of occurrence of ipsilateral shoulder pain in patients undergoing thoracotomy with ultrasound-guided interscalene block, anterior suprascapular block as adjunct to epidural and epidural block only.

This study aims to compare the costotransverse foramen block (CTFB) with thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) in patients undergoing thoracotomy for lung cancer.

Thoracic surgery operations constitute a significant portion of surgical procedures performed in hospitals. In the United States, more than 50,000 thoracic surgical procedures are performed annually, and more than 80% of these patients experience moderate to severe postoperative pain requiring opioid administration, which increases the risk of complications . It has also been reported that chronic pain develops in approximately 50% of patients after thoracic surgery . Thoracic surgery is commonly associated with severe, multifactorial pain during the postoperative period and is among the surgical branches with a high risk of developing chronic pain Despite advances in understanding postoperative pain mechanisms and improvements in pain management, inadequate postoperative pain control remains an unresolved healthcare problem. Higher acute pain scores are associated with less effective ventilation and coughing, increased incidence of lower respiratory tract infections, and prolonged ICU and hospital stays . In the management of acute postoperative pain after thoracic surgery, clinicians have sought alternatives to thoracic epidural analgesia to avoid its potential adverse effects. Truncal blocks such as thoracic paravertebral block, erector spinae plane block, and serratus anterior block have been used to reduce postoperative pain . Additionally, various other analgesic techniques such as patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and multimodal analgesia have been employed. Historically, the cornerstone of acute postoperative pain control has been systemic opioids administered via oral, intravenous, or thoracic epidural routes . Although opioids provide excellent pain relief, they are associated with significant side effects that can adversely affect recovery . With the increasing use of ultrasonography (USG), truncal blocks have become more widespread. Alongside the development of Enhanced Recovery After Thoracic Surgery (ERATS) protocols, efforts have been made to reduce opioid use, leading to differing opinions regarding the management of acute pain after thoracic surgery. To prevent opioid use disorder and potential side effects, opioid-free or opioid-sparing approaches are now being encouraged in perioperative pain management . Conversely, some studies suggest that intraoperative opioid administration may have favorable effects on postoperative acute and chronic pain. Previous research has reported that the average daily opioid consumption after thoracic surgery is approximately 30 morphine milligram equivalents (MME) . Although video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has become more common, thoracotomy cases still constitute a large proportion of thoracic surgery procedures. Moreover, severe postoperative pain after thoracic surgery is most commonly associated with the thoracotomy incision itself. While some studies have suggested that new truncal block techniques may provide effective analgesia and reduce opioid consumption after thoracotomy, further studies are needed to determine which blocks are most commonly preferred and how opioid consumption patterns have changed with the adoption of these newer regional techniques. A review of the current literature reveals that the factors influencing acute pain after thoracotomy have not been sufficiently evaluated. Therefore, a re-evaluation of the factors affecting acute pain following thoracotomy, considering recent developments in pain management, is necessary. Furthermore, examining the relationship between perioperative opioid consumption, postoperative complications, and hospital length of stay in this patient population will provide valuable contributions to the literature. The aim of this study is to evaluate the amount of opioid consumption following thoracotomy and to investigate whether perioperative opioid use affects acute pain, postoperative complications, and the length of hospital stay.

This study aims to compare awake thoracic epidural anesthesia and general anesthesia in thoracotomy.

ReSECT is a project promoted by the Spanish Society of Thoracic Surgery with the aim not only to become an indefinite, dynamic and inclusive registry, but also to establish a common structural framework for the development of future multicentre projects in the field of thoracic surgery in Spain. The goal of this nationwide prospective observational registry is: * To develop and validate forecasting tools based on powerful computational methods with the goal of assisting in decision-making and improving quality of care. * To evaluate the progressive implementation of certain surgical techniques that are on the rise, new technologies and future health programs. * To be aware of our results as specialty and professionals and to serve as a permanent benchmarking instrument in thoracic surgery. The first part of ReSECT, based on a personal registry design, will contemplate any thoracic surgical procedure performed by thoracic surgeons and residents in thoracic surgery in our country. Additionally, the Spanish thoracic surgery departments that voluntarily accept to collectively participate will contribute to specific surgical processes focused on certain procedures with specific objectives to be progressively implemented. The first and only surgical process implemented since the start of the ReSECT project will focus on patients to undergo anatomical lung resection with special interest in those cases whose reason for intervention was lung cancer. The main questions to answer in case of that first surgical process include: * What is the performance of current predictive models for perioperative and oncological outcomes in our country? * How could we modify previous predictive models to improve their performance? * What is the implementation of current guideline recommendations in our country and across institutions? * What is the potential impact of deviations from current recommendations? * What is my performance compared to the rest of the thoracic surgical departments in my country in terms of perioperative and oncological outcomes? ReSECT does not consider prespecified comparison groups of patients.