Upper Extremity

Migraine is a significant health problem due to its high prevalence and substantial contribution to disability. Individuals with migraine have been reported to exhibit myofascial trigger points, increased pain sensitivity, and altered muscle activation patterns, particularly in the trapezius muscles. As the upper and middle trapezius muscles play critical roles in scapular stability and movement, alterations in these muscles may affect scapular orientation and upper extremity function. However, studies investigating the relationship between trapezius muscle activation, scapular orientation, and upper extremity performance in individuals with migraine are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to compare trapezius muscle activation, scapular orientation, and upper extremity performance between individuals with and without migraine. We hypothesized that individuals with migraine would exhibit altered upper and middle trapezius muscle activation, impaired scapular orientation, and reduced upper extremity performance compared with healthy controls.

There is no study in the current literature that systematically investigates the extent of upper-extremity proprioceptive impairment in patients with radicular neuropathic symptoms secondary to cervical disc herniation, nor its association with clinical findings. Although existing reviews emphasize proprioceptive deficits in populations with neck pain or cervical spondylosis, no studies specifically address the subgroup of cervical disc-related radiculopathy. This gap in knowledge hinders the integration of proprioceptive assessments with upper-extremity functional outcome measures in diagnostic and rehabilitative processes, suggesting a need for more specific data to guide sensory-motor training approaches. The primary aim of the present study is to assess upper-extremity proprioception in patients with cervical radiculopathy by comparing them with a healthy control group. The secondary aim is to examine the relationship between upper-extremity proprioception and clinical outcomes, including parameters such as pain and functional status.

The goal of this observational study is to develop an upper extremity neurocognitive performance test battery, determine its reliability and validity, and investigate the effect of neurocognitive load on test performance in athletes and healthy volunteers aged 18-40. The main questions it aims to answer are: Are the developed upper extremity neurocognitive tests reliable and valid tool for assessment? Does the addition of neurocognitive load significantly affect upper extremity physical performance scores? Are the neurocognitive performance test results related to shoulder rotator cuff muscle strength, rate of force development, and shoulder function? Researchers will compare the neurocognitive performance of athletes to healthy non-athlete individuals to see if the test battery can effectively differentiate between these two groups (discriminative validity). Participants will: Complete demographic forms and questionnaires regarding activity level and shoulder function. Undergo shoulder range of motion and isometric strength/rate of force development assessments. Perform a battery of 4 neurocognitive tests integrated with a light-based reaction system. Perform the same functional tests without neurocognitive load to serve as a baseline for comparison. (Athletes only) Attend additional sessions to evaluate the feasibility of the tests and to assess test-retest reliability with a one-week interval.

This study investigates whether early changes observed during the first weeks of hand and upper extremity rehabilitation can predict patient outcomes months later. In rehabilitation practice, clinicians make numerous decisions each session regarding exercise type, frequency, duration, and treatment approach. Most of these decisions are currently made without systematic longitudinal data. This study addresses three fundamental questions using data collected during routine clinical care: (1) Can the rate of improvement in the first weeks of treatment predict functional status months later, across both session-based and milestone-based time points? (2) Are there meaningfully different recovery profiles among hand rehabilitation patients? (3) Is there measurable variation in clinical decision-making among patients with similar profiles, and does this variation relate to outcomes? A digital patient monitoring platform developed by the principal investigator, a physiotherapist and academic researcher specializing in hand rehabilitation serves as the data collection infrastructure. The platform records standard clinical assessment measures in a structured format and has been in active clinical use at Hacettepe University prior to this study. For research purposes, the system has been expanded to include structured capture of patient-reported outcomes, patient global impression of change, treatment protocol coding, home exercise adherence, and automated calculation of early response metrics. This is a 12-month prospective observational cohort study enrolling a minimum of 60 patients. Data are stored securely on the university's institutional network. Patients are anonymized using identification codes. The study is subject to Hacettepe University Ethics Committee approval and participant informed consent. Findings are expected to generate evidence supporting data-driven clinical decision-making in rehabilitation and to provide a feasibility foundation for a larger multi-center study.

This clinical trial aims to compare the effects of kinesio taping and PNF on hemiplegic hand functions. In addition, the effects of these applications on body structure, activity, and participation will be examined. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do kinesio taping and PNF applications have different effects on hemiplegic hand function? Are kinesio taping and PNF applications effective in body structure, activity, and participation? The researchers will compare the advantages of kinesio taping and PNF applications over each other. Participants: Kinesio taping and/or PNF applications will be applied 3 days a week for 8 weeks. Tests will be performed on the first and last day of the study to evaluate hand functions.

According to updated data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) for 2022, breast cancer in women is responsible for one in four cancer cases and one in six cancer deaths worldwide and is the second leading cause of global cancer incidence, accounting for 11.6% of all cancer cases, and the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide, accounting for 6.9% of all cancer deaths. During or after breast cancer treatments, there is exposure to a variety of direct (local/regional treatment, systemic treatment and supportive care) and indirect factors (modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors) that may have adverse effects on treatment-related haematological, cardiovascular, pulmonary and musculoskeletal components. Upper limb dysfunction and lymphoedema have been reported to be two of the most common side effects affecting the quality of life of breast cancer patients after breast cancer treatments. The elastic resistance band, which is widely used in strength training, has the advantage of being applied to various classes because it provides resistance angles in various postures and has a low risk of injury. However, few studies have been conducted on elastic resistance band application in patients with breast cancer. At the same time, evidence on the effectiveness of upper extremity aerobic exercise training in patients with breast cancer is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of upper extremity aerobic exercise training combined with progressive resistance training and upper extremity aerobic exercise training alone on upper extremity exercise capacity, upper extremity functionality, sarcopenia, frailty, quality of life and lymphedema in patients with breast cancer.

Forearm and hand surgeries are among the most frequently performed surgical interventions both in trauma patients and electively.In these procedures, alternative anesthesia methods such as general anesthesia, regional intravenous anesthesia, regional peripheral nerve blocks and local anesthesia are available. Peripheral nerve blockade can be used for anesthesia and analgesia.This method allows patients to undergo surgery without general anesthesia and increases patient satisfaction by providing effective analgesia in the postoperative period. The aim of this study was to compare the conventional and retroclavicular approaches to infraclavicular block in patients undergoing forearm and hand surgery.

The goal of this clinical trial is to investigate the effect of a muscle-mimicking, fabric-type shoulder orthosis on functional movements of the upper limb in patients with neuromuscular disorder. The main questions it aims to answer are: * What is the impact of the muscle-mimicking, fabric-type shoulder orthosis on upper limb functional movements in patients with neuromuscular disorder? * Are there observable differences in upper limb function when the shoulder orthosis is worn versus when it is not? Participants will: * Receive education on how to wear and use the shoulder orthosis. * Undergo evaluations, including assessment of upper limb performance, shoulder muscle strength testing, active range of motion measurements, assessment of functional workspace, goal attainment scale evaluation, surface electromyography, physiological measurements such as blood pressure and heart rate, fatigue assessment, and assessment for any musculoskeletal or skin-related issues. Researchers will compare neuromuscular disorder patients before and while wearing and operating the shoulder orthosis to see if there are any significant effects on variables such as upper limb function, range of motion, functional workspace, goal attainment scale, and surface electromyography.

This study aims to compare the improvement effects of the rTMS (repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation) combined with conventional rehabilitation therapy group with the rTMS combined with scalp acupuncture and conventional rehabilitation therapy group. Through statistical analysis of the results obtained from functional near-infrared spectroscopy technology during task states, the investigators elucidate the neuroregulatory mechanism of scalp acupuncture combined with rTMS in improving upper limb motor function in stroke patients under MEP localization, and provide evidence for a more optimal rehabilitation program for post-stroke upper limb motor dysfunction.

Interstitial lung diseases (ILD) are a heterogeneous group of chronic respiratory diseases that cause significant mortality and morbidity worldwide, characterized by diffuse inflammation in the lung parenchyma and vascular structures, can progress to fibrosis, have known or unknown etiology, and can develop secondary to systemic autoimmune connective tissue diseases other than diseases where the primary pathology is in the lung. The 6-minute peg-board and ring test, which was first developed to determine the upper extremity exercise capacity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, is an exercise test used to evaluate upper extremity functional exercise capacity in different lung diseases. It has been determined that there is no study on the validity and reliability of this test in individuals with ILD.