Clinical trials

The overall goal is to develop and optimize a health digital platform and points redemption-based financial incentive interventions for the promotion of non-National Immunization Program (non-NIP) vaccination uptake and related preventative behaviors in China, and formulate a low-cost, labor-saving and replicable pattern. The primary objective is to develop and optimize a digital platform-based point-redemption and financial incentive system and evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions for improving non-NIP vaccines coverage and related preventive behaviors.The main questions it aims to answer are: H1: Participants allocated to the intervention group will demonstrate a 3% increase in vaccine doses of targeted non-NIP vaccines, including HPV vaccines, influenza vaccines, pneumonia vaccines, rotavirus vaccines, varicella vaccines, and haemophilus Influenza Type B polysaccharide conjugate (Hib) vaccines, compared to those in the control group at the 12-month follow-up. H2: Participants allocated to the intervention group will exhibit a 5% increase in the prevalence of related preventive behaviors compared to those in the control group at the 12-month follow-up. Researchers will compare the financial incentive intervention to the routine activities to see if the intervention works to improve the vacciantion rate of non-NIP vaccines. Participants will: 1. Participants can automatically input their health behaviors through the digital platform, and the back-end will verify the information with data provided by the township hospitals or community health centers. 2. A QR code will be implemented at each township hospital or community health center. Participants will scan the QR code after completing vaccination or other related preventive behaviors. The digital platform will automatically record points for each completed behavior. 3. Use accumulated points to redeem gifts on the system, including household goods, electronic products, and free or discounted health services.

The study aims to address the question of how to provide effective health education on health topics with high medical specialisation (e.g. bacterial drug resistance in this study), especially for rural or low-educated populations. In response to the high degree of correlation between irrational antimicrobial drug use behaviours, how to achieve the effectiveness of interventions on the complex health topic of rational use of antimicrobial drugs through synergistic interventions with multiple scenarios? In this study, the investigators used an experimental-like research design to conduct a full-scenario intervention involving antimicrobial drug acquisition, use, and disposal in a township-based approach, so as to reduce the prevalence of irrational antimicrobial drug use behaviours among rural residents, and to significantly improve the governance of antimicrobial drug use in rural areas. After six months of intervention, the following specific objectives were achieved: 1. The incidence of self-treatment and use of antimicrobial drugs in the intervention group decreased by 30% compared with the control group; 2. Rational use of antimicrobial drugs and awareness of bacterial drug resistance among rural residents in the intervention group increased by 50% compared with the control group; 3. In the intervention group, the incidence of rural residents actively asking for antimicrobial drugs when seeking medical treatment, actively purchasing antimicrobial drugs without prescription at community pharmacies, stocking up on antimicrobial drugs at home, and improperly disposing of antimicrobial drugs decreased by 40%, 30%, 30%, and 50%, respectively, compared with that of the control group. The study included the development and testing of metaphorical health materials and a multi-contextual metaphorical health education intervention. The implementation of the intervention included training in metaphorical health education and doctor-patient communication, a multi-situational intervention based on the theory of metaphorically embedded integrative behaviours, and the design of incentives for standardised antimicrobial drug discarding.