Clinical trials

The incidence of autism spectrum disorders is increasing, about 1 / 36. Neural cadherin (NCAD) is closely related to synaptic structure and function. The cdh2 gene encoding NCAD has been shown to be associated with a variety of neurodevelopmental diseases and is one of the six risk genes for ASD. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a neuroimaging technology that uses the principle of near-infrared spectroscopy to detect the functional activation of human cortex. The application of fNIRS to explore the neural mechanism of children with ASD has developed rapidly. It has the advantages of non-invasive, portable, relatively low cost and unlimited physical activity. And for ASD children, their command compliance and self-control are relatively low, so fNIRS is more widely used in ASD children. According to dsm-5 standard, we recruited ASD children and TD children, collected their peripheral blood, and detected the plasma n-cad concentration. At the same time, the resting state of fNIRS of the two groups of children was collected, and the ultra scan monitoring was carried out simultaneously during Gesell assessment. The purpose of this study was to explore the difference of peripheral blood NCAD concentration between preschool ASD children and TD children and the difference of brain function in resting state and social interaction state. And the relationship between the characteristics of brain function and the level of cognitive development in children with ASD.

Studies have shown that children with ASD simultaneously have deficits in overall executive function and impairments in basic motor skills, which have a negative impact on cognitive and social all-round development. In recent years, intervention measures for the motor skills of children with ASD have gradually developed. However, based on the existing literature, there is still a lack of recommendations for sports training at present. The sustained effect of exercise intervention training on the core symptoms of ASD remains unclear. In terms of executive function, there are relatively few studies on the executive function of preschool children. The impact of motor training on working memory in school-aged children is still inconsistent. Furthermore, the connection characteristics of different brain regions in children with ASD after physical training remain unclear. This study will include 70 children with ASD aged 3 to 9 years for a multicenter randomized controlled trial (RCT). These children will be randomly assigned to the intervention group (Child-Parent-Trainer program) and the control group (regular physical education program) for 12 weeks, 5 days/week, 60 minutes/day training. Children's core symptoms, executive function, child/family quality of life, and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were assessed at baseline (training weeks 0) and endpoints (training weeks 13 and 17), respectively. To verify the improvement effect of this exercise program on the autism severity, core symptoms and executive functions of children with ASD, as well as its impact on family quality of life. Furthermore, through fNIRS for monitoring changes in brain function, the potential neural physiological mechanisms will be explored.

Obesity is an important public health problem, which is directly related to the risk of childhood complications and the increase of incidence rate and mortality of adult complications. The consequences are more serious than malnutrition such as low weight. Since the 1980s, the obesity rate among children in China has gradually increased. Currently, overweight and obesity are important health issues for children in rural and urban areas of China, with obesity rates in many large cities approaching or exceeding those in developed countries. The Report on Nutrition and Chronic Disease Status of Chinese Residents (2020) shows that the overweight and obesity rate among children aged 6-17 in China has approached 20%, with 10% of children under 6 years old. The imbalance between energy intake and expenditure is the direct cause of individual overweight and obesity. The 2021 "Healthy Children Action Plan (2021-2025)" explicitly requires the implementation of early screening, early diagnosis, and early treatment prevention and control strategies for risk factors such as obesity that seriously endanger children's health, reducing disease burden, promoting children's health, emphasizing the principle of prevention first and combining prevention and treatment. Given the current status of children's nutrition and health in China, it is an urgent need to establish a standardized and regulated monitoring and management system for obesity and overweight in preschool children, as well as service standards, for the development of children's health. This project aims to establish a complete prevention, improvement, and intervention promotion plan for obesity and overweight in preschool children, as well as a comprehensive monitoring and management system that combines medicine, education, home, and community. It will strengthen children's nutrition feeding and exercise guidance, reduce sedentary time, promote food and movement balance, and prevent and reduce childhood overweight and obesity. Provide children with comprehensive, full process, and warm children's healthcare clothing, and provide small-scale policy research references for the implementation of support systems for children's nutrition improvement projects.

This topic puts forward a hypothesis: genetic and environmental factors such as major depressive disorder during pregnancy, nutritional status of vitamin A, D, E, and folic acid, intestinal microecology, and bisphenol A exposure, may affect the cognitive development level of the offspring through the genetic correlation with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, developmental delay/intellectual disability, and major depressive disorder, allelic heterogeneity and pleiotropy of ITIH3 mediated by SNP and CACNB2, neurotransmitters like dopamine, and metabolic pathways, thereby increasing the risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and developmental delay/intellectual disability prevalence on offspring. This topic planning from allelic heterogeneity and pleiotropy of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and major depressive disorder mediated by SNP, neurotransmitters like dopamine, and metabolic pathways, explores deeply the influences on children's development level and the risk of common neurological disorder caused by genetic and environmental factors during pregnancy, looking for reasonable prevention, early diagnosis of biomarkers and therapeutic targets, in order to provide data support for further improvement and revision of national mother and infant healthcare policy .