Clinical trials

Dry eye disease (DED) is a frequent ocular surface disease (OSD) of multifactorial origin, characterised by disruption of tear film homeostasis and associated with ocular discomfort and/or visual disturbance. Cataract surgery, which is one of the most often performed interventions worldwide, can induce or worsen the symptoms of DED. Despite lack of guidelines on DED prophylaxis before cataract surgery in the general population, there is a growing interest in this topic due to the high prevalence of postoperative DED. A recent randomised controlled trial (RCT) with one month follow-up showed that prophylactic low-level light therapy (LLLT) before and after cataract surgery in patients without pre-existing DED significantly improved postoperative tear film stability, as well as reduced ocular discomfort, compared to no prophylaxis. Apart from LLLT, another light-based treatment for DED is intense pulsed light (IPL); the treatments have shown favourable outcomes in the management of DED, both as stand-alone choices or in combination.

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder leading to pain and limited movement. Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has transformed the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, resulting in long-term outcomes that enhance the quality of life for patients. Some individuals report experiencing noise after undergoing TKA. However, there are few randomized controlled trials that assess postoperative noise following the procedure. Additionally, no research has been conducted on individualized TKA, which involves custom-made prostheses tailored to a patient's knee shape. This study aimed to compare the incidence of noise reported by patients who undergo a primary individualized TKA using either cruciate-retaining or posterior-stabilized designs.