Clinical trials

Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) is the most common congenital malformation in children and the leading cause of death from birth defects in infancy. Preoperative anxiety is prevalent in children with CHD, but current preoperative care mainly focuses on physical preparation, with insufficient attention to psychological stress, and conventional intervention measures have limitations. As a non-pharmacological method, therapeutic play has been proven effective in relieving children's anxiety, but randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of therapeutic play for preoperative anxiety in children with CHD are still lacking in China. This study adopts a randomized controlled design, in which children with CHD before surgery are randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group receives therapeutic play (including parents' participation, with intervention content designed according to children's cognitive characteristics), while the control group receives routine preoperative nursing. The effect of therapeutic play on relieving preoperative anxiety in children with CHD will be evaluated multi-dimensionally through anxiety scale scores, vital signs, and salivary cortisol levels, providing scientific evidence for clinical intervention of preoperative anxiety in children with CHD.

Radical mastectomy is currently the mainstream surgical treatment for breast cancer. Patients often experience significant postoperative pain, and some may develop chronic pain. General anesthesia is commonly used, with remifentanil being the most frequently used intraoperative analgesic. However, prolonged high-dose use of remifentanil can induce opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). Previous studies have shown that serratus anterior plane block can reduce acute postoperative pain after radical mastectomy, but it remains unclear whether it can reduce postoperative pain sensitization and the incidence of chronic pain. Liposomal bupivacaine is a new long-acting local anesthetic with an effect lasting up to 72 hours. This study aims to investigate the effect of liposomal bupivacaine serratus anterior plane block on postoperative pain sensitization and chronic pain in patients undergoing radical mastectomy, providing a reference for clinical treatment. The study includes 120 participants. A tactile measurement kit is used to measure the mechanical pain threshold around the surgical incision preoperatively and at 24 and 48 hours postoperatively, as well as postoperative persistent pain scores at 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The data will then be analyzed to draw conclusions.

Retrospective clinical case studies in recent years have shown that most cases of lung cancer and abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) are detected at the same time and that there is a wide variation in the prevalence of AAA in patients with primary lung cancer reported in the literature, with some papers suggesting as high as 11%, suggesting that there may be a relationship between the prevalence of the two diseases. However, its exact incidence and mechanism are unknown. Accurate prevention of AAA in patients with primary lung cancer requires more in-depth studies. To solve the above problems, a multi-center prospective epidemiological investigation and mechanism study on the association of AAA in primary lung cancer combined has become particularly urgent. The results of the study will be of great significance for the follow-up treatment and prognosis of lung cancer patients as well as the improvement of long-term survival rate of lung cancer patients, and will also provide scientific basis and clinical guidance for the screening and prevention of AAA in lung cancer patients.

Perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction(PND) are common complications of major surgery among patients, could be a long-term disease, which sometimes lasts for several years, and it is meaningful to find a biomarker of PND at the early stage.As far as we know, the relationship between IL-33 and PND is not clear yet in the gastrointestinal and hepatic area. Thus, the investigators designed this study to find out the association between IL-33 and occurrence of PND, and determine whether IL-33 could be a biomarker of the early stage of PND.Study population included 150 subjects. Neuropsychological questionnaire were administrated one day before surgery and three days after surgery. And the end of the operation peripheral venous blood was sampled to measure IL-33 inflammatory protein expression in peripheral blood monocytes. Analyze the data and draw conclusions.