Clinical trials

The trial aims to evaluate whether the Airvo 3 device in OptiO2 mode can maintain patients' SpO2 levels within the target range better than manual oxygen titration in hospitalized COPD patients with hypoxemia/respiratory distress.

Study Overview The goal of this clinical trial is to learn whether an improved non invasive ventilation mask with airway washout can reduce how often people need to breathe and perform as well as standard NIV masks when used with different ventilators, in people receiving NIV therapy for respiratory distress or respiratory insufficiency. The main question(s) it aims to answer are: * Does the new mask reduce breathing rate compared with a standard NIV mask? * Does the ventilator perform as expected when used with the new mask, including pressure delivery and leak? * Do clinicians and participants find the new mask fits and functions well? Three iterations of the new mask (vented, non-vented, dual limb) will be compared to standard of care to see if the mask reduces the need to breathe and performs consistently across ventilators compared with usual NIV masks. \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ What Participants Will Do Participants will wear two different NIV masks, each for one hour, during a single study session lasting approximately 2.5 hours. Participants will be asked to: * Wear a small, stick on carbon dioxide (CO₂) sensor on the skin. * Use their usual NIV mask for one hour while ventilator data are collected. * Switch to the investigational mask for one hour while ventilator data are collected. * Choose whether to return to their original mask or remain on the investigational mask after the study period. * Caregiver opinion on the mask will be collected. Participants may also choose (optional): * To have three small blood samples taken (These samples are optional, and participants can still take part in the study if they decline them.) * One when they agree to take part in the study * One when the investigational mask is fitted * One after wearing the investigational mask for one hour * To provide feedback on how the two masks felt and performed. During the study, researchers will collect data from the ventilator, including: * Breathing rate and depth * NIV pressure settings * Amount of air leak Research staff will also complete a short form assessing how well the mask fit and functioned. Participants will remain in the study until the investigational mask is removed.

The goal of this investigation is to examine the effect of nasal airflow in invasively ventilated adult patients following planned surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does the investigational device produce an effect measured by EEG? * Are there differences in effect with modified airflow states?

The goal of this randomized cross-over study is to investigate whether the design of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) mask impacts respiratory variables in healthy volunteers on NIV therapy. The main questions it aims to answer are: * To assess if mask design impacts the ventilatory ratio in healthy volunteers. * To assess if mask design impacts transcutaneous CO2, respiratory rate, and tidal volume in healthy volunteers. Participants will attend five study visits: * Visit 1. Participants will be fitted to use non-invasive ventilation briefly to acclimatize them to using the therapy. * Visit 2. Participants will receive NIV with one of four masks. They will be asked to breathe through their mouth or through their nose, with a break from NIV in between the two sessions of NIV. * Visits 3-5. Participants will receive NIV with one of the other three masks, repeating Visit 2.

This is a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded, crossover feasibility investigation to assess the safety, usability, and efficacy of the investigational mask in the hospital environment. Eligible patients that are stable in NIV and able to give informed consent will be approached and if they consent the patient will be included in the study. If potential participants decline, normal hospital care will be continued. The enrolled participant will receive NIV on the commercially available Visairo mask for one hour during which their ventilatory parameters will be logged. Then the participant will be switched to the investigational mask for another hour. The ventilator data will be collected for these two hours. At the end of the intervention the participant will be reverted to their original mask. The medical staff will be asked to fill out the case report form pertaining to the function and usability of the investigational mask compared to the conventional mask.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) are respiratory conditions that disrupt normal breathing. Positive airway pressure, specifically Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) delivers positive pressures via an interface such as a face mask and has been shown to improve breathing and reduce symptoms in patients with these conditions. Regular use of NIV can lead to better symptom management, improved quality of life, and reduced use of healthcare resources. However, poor performance of the NIV mask and poor comfort can make NIV therapy harder to tolerate. This study will assess if a new mask helps to improve the breathing of people on NIV and normalize blood gases.

COPD and OHS are respiratory conditions that disrupt normal breathing. Positive airway pressure, specifically Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV), has been shown to improve breathing and reduce symptoms in patients with these conditions. Regular use of NIV can lead to better symptom management, improved quality of life, and reduced use of healthcare resources. The type of mask used for breathing support can greatly affect a patient's comfort and willingness to use it. For conditions like Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), which is a physical blockage of the airway caused by the relaxation of the muscles of the throat, nasal masks are often used because they are comfortable and work well. But for breathing support in the hospital, full face masks are typically used because patients are having significant trouble breathing and tend to breathe through their mouth. However, it's important to note that we don't yet fully understand the best way to provide breathing support for long-term NIV users, like COPD and OHS patients. The understanding of breathing route is currently only established for OSA. However, conditions like COPD affect the lungs and the overall system used for breathing, which is different from the throat blockage seen in OSA. So, the assumptions we make based on conditions like OSA may not apply to these other conditions. More research is needed to understand this better.

The goal of this pilot randomized cross-over study is to compare the effect of a full-face mask with expiratory washout to a conventional full face mask on non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in patients with acute hypercapnic, and acute hypoxemic, respiratory failure. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does a mask with expiratory washout improve minute ventilation in patients using non-invasive ventilation compared with a conventional single-limb NIV mask * How does a mask with expiratory washout affect respiratory variables compared with a dual-limb NIV mask. Participants already prescribed NIV will undergo 3 arms of the investigation in a randomized order: * Single-limb NIV with investigation mask (with expiratory washout) * Single-limb NIV with conventional mask * Dual-limb NIV with conventional mask

The goal of this clinical trial is to understand the impact of the size and shape of the soft palate on gas airflow in the upper airway in healthy volunteers. Utilizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), this study aims to investigate: * How does soft palate anatomy change in different body positions? * What is the impact of positive pressure therapy, in the form of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) on soft palate anatomy? Researchers will compare MRI data without positive pressure to with positive pressure imaging to see if the addition of positive pressure impacts the size and shape of the soft palate. Researchers will also utilize measures of upper airway resistance to assess the impact of soft palate anatomy of airflow dynamics. Participants will be asked to: * Lie inside an MRI scanner for up to 90 minutes (including breaks), in different body positions * Undergo NIV therapy for 5-10 minutes while breathing normally inside an MRI scanner * Have their upper airway resistance measured, in different body positions

Determine the feasibility of using a new topical oxygen therapy device to treat hard to heal lower leg wounds.