Clinical trials

Introduction: The thoracoabdominal rebalancing (TAR) method aims to promote diaphragmatic juxtaposition, in addition to seeking to increase respiratory muscle strength and adjust muscle tone. However, scientific publications on this method in heart patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) are still scarce, justifying the need to carry out this study for information, evaluation, diagnosis and treatment purposes in the health area with an emphasis on cardiology. Objective: To evaluate whether diaphragmatic ultrasound findings differ between the TAR method and conventional physiotherapy in post-CABG patients. Methods: This is a randomized, single-blind clinical trial. Adults (\>35 years), hemodynamically stable, who underwent CABG (\<24 hours) and had a prescription for physiotherapy will be included. Patients will be randomized into two groups: 1) intervention group \[IG\] - TAR; 2) control group \[CG\] - standard physiotherapy approach. Interventions will be performed at a single time and the following variables will be collected pre- and post-intervention: heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), mean arterial pressure (MAP), diaphragmatic ultrasound (US) to identify possible acute findings in both groups, respiratory distress scale and pulmonary complications scale will be applied at the end of the interventions. Keywords: Physiotherapy; Cardiology; Ultrasonography

This retrospective observational study aims to identify risk factors for postoperative complications in children undergoing cardiac surgery at a tertiary hospital in Brazil. By analyzing both electronic and physical medical records, researchers will examine demographic, clinical, surgical, and laboratory data, focusing on variables such as cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, use of vasoactive drugs, and the occurrence of complications such as arrhythmias, acute kidney injury, and infections. Statistical analysis will include both descriptive and inferential methods, with multivariate logistic regression used to identify predictors of adverse outcomes. The study will be conducted between 2025 and 2027 with an estimated budget of R$1,000. Its goal is to inform preventive strategies and optimize perioperative care, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing hospital costs.

Hypertension is one of the greatest public health challenges, affecting more than one billion people worldwide and representing a significant financial and public health burden. It is responsible for a high number of cardiovascular events, such as heart attacks and strokes. Although pharmacological treatment is effective, non-pharmacological interventions are essential for the sustainable management of blood pressure, especially in its early stages. Respiratory exercises have shown potential in reducing blood pressure and improving cardiac vagal modulation, promoting cardiovascular health benefits. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of guided respiratory exercises using the CardioBreath app in improving vagal modulation and reducing arterial stiffness in adults with prehypertension or hypertension over six weeks. This is a randomized clinical trial involving adults with prehypertension or hypertension, divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group will use CardioBreath to perform daily breathing exercises, with weekly remote monitoring. Assessments will include heart rate variability parameters, baroreflex sensitivity, pulse wave velocity, and quality of life. It is expected that the use of the app will significantly improve vagal modulation and arterial stiffness, demonstrating the potential of this intervention for the non-pharmacological management of hypertension. The use of CardioBreath may offer an accessible and effective alternative for blood pressure control, with the potential to be integrated into public health programs focused on low-cost, highly accessible interventions for the prevention and management of hypertension.

Introduction:The weight gain expected in the postmenopausal period has deleterious effects on the physical and mental health of the female population. Management of this situation strongly recommends regular exercise, behavioral and psychological interventions and dietary control. Activities of this nature can be carried out online. The SlimTrack Platform is an interactive digital platform for management and treatment of overweight and obesity in Non-Dietary Weight Loss basis. The first phase consisting of 3 stages of 7 days (total 21 days) presents tools to deal with thoughts and emotions, in addition to offering a series of physical activities that promote body self-awareness and movement needs. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effects of this MVP on adherence to the diet, body weight variation, anthropometric variables and arterial stiffness in postmenopausal women, in addition to verifying the accuracy of self-reported measurements on the platform. Methods:Randomized clinical trial will recruit overweight and obese volunteers to evaluate body weight variation, anthropometric variables and arterial stiffness (oscillometric method, obtaining central arterial pressure indices, pulse wave velocity (large artery stiffness) and Aix 75 to identify stiffness of small arteries). Patients will be randomized to the following interventions: Diet, SlimTrack Platform, Diet + SlimTrack Platform and Control. The interventions will have in-person assistance once a week. The data obtained will be analyzed by intention to treat and presented as means (M) ± standard deviation (SD). They will be tested for normality using the Shapiro Wilk test. The differences between interventions will be made through GEE. Correlations between variables will be obtained using Pearson Correlations for parametric data and Spearman Correlations for non-parametric data, with a significance level of p \< 0.05. Expected results:Results are expected that point to the effectiveness of non-dietary support (SlimTrack Platform) in both diet adherence and body weight reduction. Furthermore, through comparisons between groups, it will be possible to elucidate the influences of weight reduction, diet and physical activity levels on arterial stiffness.

Existing data points to relevant beneficial effects of respiratory exercises on cardiovascular health, with special regards to decreases on arterial pressure and improves on autonomic and vascular profiles, though mechanistics of such results have not yet been cleared. Among the available ways to perform respiratory exercises, there is the highly recommended Inspiratory Muscle Training (IMT) and slow breathing exercises like Yoga pranayamas. Lately, the development of new technologies has allowed the use of Apps to perform respiratory exercises. This study will be take the just developed CardioBreath®App to validate it as a tool to perform respiratory exercises. Therefore, it will be compared to IMT on cardiac vagal modulation and pulse wave velocity on normotensive post menopause women.