Clinical trials

This observational study aims to evaluate the effects of different inspiratory to expiratory (I:E) ratios (1:2 vs. 1:3) during mechanical ventilation in pediatric patients undergoing dental procedures under general anesthesia. Due to behavioral challenges, dental phobia, or medical conditions, general anesthesia is often required to ensure immobility and cooperation during dental treatments in children. In the clinic where the study will be conducted, the I:E ratio is routinely adjusted approximately 20-30 minutes before the end of the procedure to facilitate a smoother transition to spontaneous breathing during emergence from anesthesia. While 1:2 is commonly used, the 1:3 ratio may improve respiratory efficiency and recovery by prolonging the expiratory phase. The study aims to compare vital signs, respiratory parameters (heart rate, blood pressure, SpO₂, EtCO₂, respiratory rate), recovery quality, and respiratory complications between the two I:E ratios. The findings aim to optimize ventilation strategies and improve patient comfort and safety during emergence from anesthesia.

Aim: To evaluate the effects of three different irrigation activation techniques-conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), ultrasonic irrigation (UI), and SWEEPS (Shock Wave Enhanced Emission Photoacoustic Streaming)-on the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)) and proteolytic enzymes matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in teeth with chronic apical periodontitis. Methodology: Sixty-six male patients (aged 18-35) with single-rooted teeth, previous root canal treatment (at least 4 years ago), and periapical lesions (\<1 cm, PAI score 3 or 4) were included. Sample size was determined by G\*Power (Power=0.90, α=0.05). Following local anesthesia and rubber dam isolation, endodontic access was performed under a dental operating microscope. After removing old filling material and completing root canal preparation with Reciproc R25/R50 files, patients were randomly assigned into three groups (n=22 each): (1) CSI (30G needle), (2) UI (EMS miniPiezon), and (3) SWEEPS (Er:YAG laser, 2940 nm). Periapical exudate samples were collected using sterile paper points (2 mm beyond the apex for 60s) at the first visit (pre-treatment) and the second visit (one week post-medication with calcium hydroxide). Samples were analyzed via ELISA for TNF-α, IL-1β, and MMP-9 levels. Statistical Analysis: Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 20. Percent changes in biomarker levels were evaluated using the Kruskal-Wallis test for inter-group comparisons and the Wilcoxon test for intra-group (pre- vs. post-treatment) comparisons. Linear regression was used to identify effective factors (group, age, gender, tooth type). Significance was set at (p \< 0.05). Keywords: Apical periodontitis, SWEEPS, Ultrasonic activation, Cytokines, MMP-9, Endodontics.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep-related respiratory dysfunction. The prevalence of OSA is increasing with the increasing rates of obesity and elderly population worldwide. Perioperative anesthesia management should be adjusted to improve patient safety in patients with OSA. In OSA patients, positive pressure ventilation support may be required in the preoperative period, various ventilation strategies may be required in the intraoperative period, different pharmacologic agents may need to be avoided, and intensive care unit follow-up or noninvasive ventilation support may be required in the postoperative period. However, it is reported that a significant percentage of OSA patients remain undiagnosed. ASA (American Society of Anesthesiologists) has reported the criteria that should be questioned in order to determine the risk of patients in terms of OSA and to initiate the diagnostic process in risky patients and to make appropriate anesthesiologic arrangements in the perioperative period. In addition, the STOP-BANG assessment scale, which is widely used all over the world in OSA risk assessment, is also used in OSA risk assessment. It is thought that dental caries and extraction needs may be higher in OSA patients, especially since open-mouth sleeping accompanies the situation. In this respect, it is also important for patients to be diagnosed with OSA as it may prevent dental damage due to open-mouth sleeping in the future. Identifying patients at risk for OSA and directing them to the diagnostic process is very important for patient safety. Within the scope of the study, the criteria recommended by ASA and STOP-BANG score will be evaluated and recorded. Risk stratification in terms of STOP-BANG questionnaire and ASA criteria will be done separately for each patient and for each classification method. Patients at high risk will be consulted to the relevant medical department in the preoperative period for further investigation and treatment. In addition, it is aimed to correlate the risk levels determined in the study with postoperative respiratory complications and recovery time.

We retrospectively analyzed 200 CAD patients undergoing coronary angiography between 2026-2027. Patients were grouped by CTO presence. Clinical and laboratory parameters were compared, and logistic regression was performed to identify independent predictors.

The goal of this observational study is to assess changes in patients' erectile function after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) using a standard IIEF (International Index of Erectile Function) questionnaire at 1, 3, and 6 months post-PCI. By doing this, we try to compare patients' responses to PCI after having a heart attack and stable angina to see the real effect of myocardial infarction on erectile function status in the long term by comparing it with a very similar group.

Compassion is an important concept underlying relationships between people. Compassion is a complex, multifaceted psychological and social process. Professional values form the basis of nursing care. The concept of compassion is one of these professional values, as well as one of the essential components of care that facilitates nursing care. Compassion-based care provides patient-centered care with a holistic approach while increasing the quality of care. Despite this importance, many healthcare professionals remain inadequate regarding compassionate care. The idea that compassion is innate or learned in people causes various difficulties in teaching compassion. Compassionate care is an emotion that can be taught and developed with innovative interactive methods along with developing technology. Methods such as video-supported teaching and case analysis, which are widely used in nursing education, contribute to developing cognitive and affective skills such as interpretation, critical thinking, and problem-solving in nurses. In this context, it is aimed to implement compassionate care training, developed based on Watson's Human Caring Model, on nurses by enriching it with video-supported teaching and case analysis methods, and to evaluate the effect of this training on nurses' compassion levels and caring behaviors.

This study aimed to compare the changes in AQP -4, -5, -9, and IL-8 levels in pulp tissue, GCF, and dentin fluid samples routinely obtained during the treatment of healthy and symptomatic teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis and investigate whether there is a correlation between them. A total of 70 patients aged 18-64 years with healthy (Group 1) and symptomatic irreversible pulpitis (Group 2) diagnosed at Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics who will undergo routine root canal treatment will be included in the study, with a minimum of 35 participants for each group. Before starting treatment, DOS samples will be taken from healthy, symptomatic, irreversible pulpitis-diagnosed teeth and teeth contralateral to these teeth. A dentin fluid sample will be taken by holding the membrane on the dentin surface, and the pulp tissue will be removed and transferred to Eppendorf tubes. The treatment process will be completed by applying routine root canal procedures to the teeth. The samples' Aquaporin -4, -5, -9, and IL-8 levels will be analyzed by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

This randomized controlled study aims to investigate the acute effects of local vibration applied to the spastic medial gastrocnemius muscle on balance and spatiotemporal gait parameters in children with hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Children aged 4 to 18 years with spasticity levels of 1 to 2 on the Modified Ashworth Scale and Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I-II will be included. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a treatment group receiving local vibration or a placebo group. Assessments will be conducted before, immediately after, and 30 minutes after the intervention. Balance will be assessed using the Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Pediatric Reach Test, Tandem Stance Test, and Pediatric Berg Balance Scale. Spatiotemporal gait parameters will be measured using a digital gait analysis system. The results will provide insights into the immediate effectiveness of localized vibration therapy in pediatric cerebral palsy rehabilitation.

This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of gait and jumping parameters measured with the iSen device in healthy adults. Gait analysis is a valuable tool for assessing general health, cognitive performance, quality of life, and mortality. It is commonly used by clinicians to assess functional limitations resulting from neurological or orthopedic conditions and to guide treatment plans. Traditional gait assessments primarily focus on walking speed, but additional parameters such as step length, step time, and gait symmetry are crucial for a comprehensive analysis. The study will also assess vertical jump performance, which is a surrogate measure of explosive lower limb strength and is commonly used in sports performance and injury prediction. The iSen device, a wearable and affordable sensor, will be compared to the validated BTS G-Walk system to evaluate the accuracy and consistency of its measurements. Participants aged 18-35 with no history of musculoskeletal, neurological, or systemic conditions will be included. The study will be conducted at Gazi University and Kırıkkale University, where participants will undergo assessments of gait and jump performance using both iSen and BTS G-Walk devices. A test-retest reliability protocol will be employed with a seven-day interval between measurements. The results will provide evidence on the suitability of the iSen device for reliable and valid gait and jump measurements in clinical settings

The primary objective of this project is to comprehensively investigate the effects of the Neuroathletic Training (NAT) approach, integrated into the routine training program, on the physical fitness, cognitive skills, and sports performance of judokas aged 10 to 18 years. This study is designed as a randomized controlled trial involving 40 judokas randomly assigned to either the NAT group or the control group. The NAT program, implemented over eight weeks, includes exercises targeting visual-motor coordination, reaction time, balance, and proprioception. Outcome measures such as reaction time, agility, balance, flexibility, proprioception, attention, grip strength, and judo-specific physical fitness will be assessed using a pre-test and post-test design. The results are expected to contribute to the development of a novel training model aimed at enhancing judo performance and to provide original insights into the effects of neuroathletic training in sports sciences. Additionally, the NAT protocol aims to improve not only physical fitness parameters but also cognitive domains such as mental flexibility, decision-making speed, and concentration by enhancing neuromotor control parameters including balance, coordination, reaction time, and attention.

Patients diagnosed with ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke who applied to Kırıkkale University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation will be included in the study. The aim of our study is to investigate the relationship between spinal alignment, posture and weight transfer symmetry with balance, physical performance and energy expenditure in stroke patients.

The purpose of this study; To determine the relationship between respiratory muscle strength, balance, trunk control, functional capacity and motor functions in stroke patients and compare them with healthy individuals.

The aim of the research is to examine the acute effect of local vibration application on gait and balance in stroke patients.

The aim of our study is to evaluate motor skills balance, dual task and social adaptation skills in individuals with autism. Our study will be conducted in Bartın Lider Special Education and Rehabilitation Center after ethics committee approval. The sample number determined by power analysis will be included in the study. Socio-demographic characteristics (age, height, body weight, body mass index, education level, exercise and smoking habits, etc.) of the individuals who voluntarily participated in the study will be obtained. The individuals participating in the study will be divided into two groups as individuals with normal motor development and individuals with autism spectrum disorder and the same assessment scales will be used. These assessment scales are TUG, 10 meter walking test, Vineland Adaptive Adaptation Scale, Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Competence Test. According to the evaluation results, motor skills, functional balance, dual task and social adaptation skills of individuals with autism will be compared with individuals with normal motor development.

The aim of our study is to evaluate temporomandibular joint (TMJ), cervical posture, balance, dual-task performance, and social adaptation skills in individuals with autism. The study will be conducted at Bartın Lider Special Education and Rehabilitation Center following the approval of the ethics committee. Individuals determined by the sample size calculated through power analysis will be included in the study. First, the socio-demographic characteristics (age, height, body weight, body mass index, education level, exercise and smoking habits, etc.) of the participants who voluntarily join the study will be recorded. Participants will be divided into two groups: individuals with typical motor development and those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and the same assessment tools will be used for both groups. Individuals with typical motor development will serve as the control group. The assessment tools include the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the 10-Meter Walk Test, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, the PostureScreen Android-based posture assessment application, and the Helkimo Clinical Dysfunction Index for craniomandibular disorders. Based on the evaluation results, the relationships between TMJ, cervical posture, functional balance, dual-task performance, and social adaptation skills in individuals with autism will be analyzed and compared with those of individuals with typical motor development.