Clinical trials

While there are a number of prospective studies evaluating powered exoskeletons in SCI patients, to date, not a single well-designed, randomized clinical trial has been published. However, there is evidence for beneficial effects of over-ground exoskeleton therapy on walking function post-intervention from a meta-analysis on non-randomized, uncontrolled studies. Functional electrical stimulation (FES), on the other hand, is a common and established method for the rehabilitation of persons with SCI and has been demonstrated to be beneficial in, e.g., improving muscle force, power output and endurance. Combining FES and overground robotic therapy within the same therapy session could potentially merge and potentiate the effects of each separate treatment, making it a very powerful and efficient therapy method. Up to date, however, comparative studies evaluating benefits of this combined approach (i.e., powered exoskeleton and FES) to robotic therapy without FES are missing.