Clinical trials

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if essential oil aromatherapy works to improve urinary symptoms in adults with multiple sclerosis. It will also learn about the safety of essential oil use in this population. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does essential oil aromatherapy reduce urinary urgency, frequency, and incontinence episodes in participants with multiple sclerosis? * What medical problems do participants have when using essential oil aromatherapy? Researchers will compare essential oil aromatherapy to a placebo (a look-alike neutral oil with no therapeutic properties) to see if essential oil aromatherapy works to improve urinary symptoms in multiple sclerosis patients. Participants will: * Use essential oil aromatherapy or a placebo oil every day for 6 weeks * Complete a urinary symptom scales to record the frequency, urgency, and any leakage episodes each day * Fill out quality of life questionnaires at the beginning and end of the study

Cholecystectomy, the surgical removal of the gallbladder, is a common procedure performed to treat benign gallbladder diseases such as cholelithiasis (gallstones), cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder), and biliary dyskinesia. While generally considered safe, this surgery can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in certain populations or healthcare settings. Understanding these outcomes and the factors influencing them is crucial for improving patient care and surgical practices. In Algeria, the healthcare landscape presents unique challenges and opportunities for evaluating surgical outcomes. Limited studies have specifically focused on the morbidity and mortality associated with cholecystectomy in this context. This study aims to fill that gap by providing comprehensive data on 30-day postoperative outcomes following cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases in Algeria. Such data is essential for benchmarking current practices, identifying areas for improvement, and ultimately enhancing patient safety and surgical efficacy.