By comparing the diagnostic accuracy of spectral CT and conventional CT in evaluating treatment response efficacy after TACE, this study aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of spectral CT in assessing treatment response following TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma.
age 18-75 years;
diagnosis of HCC based on pathological findings or accepted clinical and imaging criteria;
Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage A or B;
prior treatment with TACE;
contraindications to contrast-enhanced CT or MRI;
presence of extrahepatic malignancy;
poor image quality or incomplete clinical data;
lack of regular CT or MRI follow-up in non-surgical cohort;