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By comparing the diagnostic accuracy of spectral CT and conventional CT in evaluating treatment response efficacy after TACE, this study aims to investigate the diagnostic performance of spectral CT in assessing treatment response following TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma.

This study is for adults with resectable non-small cell lung cancer who are scheduled to receive neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy before surgery. Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy can help shrink lung cancer before surgery and may improve treatment outcomes. However, not all patients benefit from this treatment in the same way, and it can sometimes cause side effects, such as immune-related pneumonitis. At present, it is still difficult to predict before or during treatment which patients will have a strong response. The purpose of this study is to find imaging features on chest computed tomography scans that may help predict how well a patient's cancer responds to neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. The study will compare computed tomography findings before treatment and before surgery with pathologic findings from surgery, including pathologic complete response and major pathologic response. The study will also evaluate whether computed tomography-based imaging features are associated with treatment-related side effects and long-term outcomes such as disease progression and survival. This is an observational study. The investigators will not assign participants to a specific cancer treatment. Participants will receive neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and surgery according to standard clinical practice. Chest computed tomography scans will be obtained before treatment and before surgery as part of the study protocol. These computed tomography images will also be reconstructed using a high-resolution deep learning-based computed tomography reconstruction technique to explore whether this approach can improve the development of imaging biomarkers. The results of this study may help develop a noninvasive imaging-based model to identify patients who are more likely to benefit from neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy and to better guide treatment planning for resectable non-small cell lung cancer.

The goal of this cross-sectional study is to explore the relationship between atrial structural characteristics (such as epicardial adipose tissue infiltration and atrial size) and atrial fibrillation (AF), as well as the differences in these characteristics among different AF subtypes. It will also clarify the independent association between pericardial fat distribution and AF (and its subtypes) after excluding confounding factors. The main questions it aims to answer are: * What are the differences in epicardial adipose tissue volume and atrial size among patients with sinus rhythm, paroxysmal AF, and persistent AF? * Is pericardial fat distribution independently associated with AF and its subtypes after adjusting for confounding factors such as age, hypertension, and left atrial enlargement? Researchers will enroll patients who undergo coronary CTA or left atrial CTA at The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and match and divide them into three groups (sinus rhythm group, paroxysmal AF group, and persistent AF group) based on BMI and other factors. They will compare the differences in pericardial fat distribution and baseline characteristics among the three groups and analyze the independent association between pericardial fat and AF. Participants will: * Provide relevant clinical baseline data and CTA examination results * Complete the collection of demographic information, medical history, and laboratory test data The study duration is 6 months, starting from the date of ethical approval, with an expected end date of June 2026. A total of 600-900 participants (200-300 per group) will be enrolled to ensure the reliability and clinical applicability of the research conclusions.

Title: Integration of Multi-modality Imaging Protocols with Emphasis on CT in Image-Guided Adaptive Brachytherapy (IGABT) for Cervical Cancer - EMBRACE III-TRIPLET : IMPACT Study Locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) remains a major health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), which account for the majority of global cases. The standard curative treatment involves a combination of external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) with concurrent chemotherapy, followed by brachytherapy (BT). Brachytherapy plays a crucial role in achieving high local control by delivering radiation directly to the tumour through internally placed radioactive sources. Historically, BT dose prescription was based on two-dimensional (2D) X-ray images and defined anatomical "points," achieving 5-year local control rates of 60-70%. Over the last decade, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (MR-IGABT) has transformed practice by enabling three-dimensional (3D) target-based dose prescription and adaptation to tumour regression. The landmark EMBRACE I study, involving over 1300 patients, demonstrated over 90% 5-year local control rates with MR-IGABT, establishing it as the international gold standard endorsed by NCG, ICRU, NCCN, and ESGO-ESTRO guidelines. However, MRI-based planning for IGABT remains logistically and financially challenging for many centres, especially in LMICs. CT and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) have emerged as feasible alternatives, offering broader accessibility. Despite encouraging outcomes from smaller institutional studies, the lack of standardized and validated target delineation concepts for CT-IGABT has led to significant variability in clinical implementation. Recognizing this, the Indian Brachytherapy Society (IBS), American Brachytherapy Society (ABS), and GEC-ESTRO jointly published consensus recommendations in 2020 to standardize CT-IGABT practices across diverse clinical environments. At Homi Bhabha Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Visakhapatnam, our prior work (RetroLACER Study) demonstrated that CT-based IGABT can achieve outcomes comparable to MR-IGABT, highlighting its feasibility and potential for wider adoption. Building on this foundation, the EMBRACE III-IMPACT Study seeks to evaluate whether CT-IGABT can be systematically and uniformly implemented in a multi-centre setting and to benchmark clinical outcomes against the standards set by MR-IGABT. Study Design: This is a multicentre, prospective, observational study planned to include approximately 1200 participants with locally advanced cervical cancer. All participants will receive standard-of-care treatment, including EBRT, concurrent weekly cisplatin chemotherapy, and brachytherapy with image-guided planning. Objectives: To assess the feasibility of implementing standardized CT-IGABT protocols across diverse clinical environments. To evaluate local control, disease-free survival, and treatment-related toxicity outcomes for CT-IGABT. To compare and benchmark CT-IGABT outcomes with established MR-IGABT benchmarks from prior international studies. Participant Involvement: Participants will undergo standard diagnostic imaging, EBRT with weekly cisplatin, and brachytherapy using CT-based planning. Imaging and treatment data will be collected, anonymized, and submitted to a central database for review. Regular follow-up visits will monitor tumour control and treatment-related side effects. Benefits: Participants receive internationally standardized, quality-assured treatment protocols. Centres gain access to expert review and QA support from international collaborators, potentially improving treatment quality and outcomes. The study supports global efforts to establish CT-IGABT as a cost-effective, accessible alternative to MRI-based IGABT, expanding equitable cancer care access. Risks: The study is observational and involves standard treatment; therefore, risks and costs are comparable to routine cervical cancer care. Confidentiality and Ethics: All data will be anonymized and handled in compliance with ethical and regulatory standards. Participant confidentiality will be strictly maintained. Written informed consent will be obtained before study participation. Significance: By validating standardised CT-based protocols and establishing outcome benchmarks, the study aims to facilitate widespread adoption of IGABT in resource-limited settings, ultimately improving treatment accessibility and survival outcomes.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of CT volumetric measurement in assessing treatment response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following trans arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or microwave ablation (MWA)

This study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy and limitations of photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) in characterizing coronary plaque, with comparisons to optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). The objective is to assess whether cardiac ultra-high resolution (UHR) PCCT -with its improved spatial resolution and superior soft tissue contrast relative to conventional CT- can serve as a reliable, non-invasive alternative for coronary plaque assessment and support clinical decision-making. A total of 100 patients with either acute or chronic coronary syndrome will be enrolled, including 40 individuals with suspected in-stent restenosis and 10 patients one year post-percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for chronic total occlusion (CTO). All participants will undergo invasive coronary angiography based on current European Society of Cardiology guidelines. Cardiac PCCT imaging will be conducted shortly before the angiographic procedure, accompanied by invasive OCT evaluation. Additionally, a subgroup of 10 patients will undergo both OCT and IVUS, allowing for direct comparison across imaging modalities. OCT, regarded as the gold standard for plaque characterization, offers near-histological resolution for identifying plaque features, while IVUS is particularly effective in evaluating plaque burden and volume.

Accurate preoperative prediction of risk stratification, treatment response, and survival prognosis in gastric cancer is important for improving clinical treatment decisions, prolonging patient survival, and improving patient quality of life. The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of the multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and Dual-/Muti-energy CT and photon-counting Detector CT(PCD-CT) in the diagnosis and management of gastric cancer.

This is a prospective observational substudy of the STEPCARE trial ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05564754) with the aim to examine whether prognostication of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest can be performed earlier than the 72 h time-point recommended by guidelines today.