Teeth loss are usually associated with alterations of extraction sockets result in obviously absorbed alveolar ridges and are often accompanied with soft tissue atrophy such as narrow keratinized tissue and a shallow vestibule.
Lack of peri-implant keratinized tissue is a potential risk to peri-implant diseases. Although the role of width of KM in maintaining peri-implant health is a controversial topic, the majority of high-level evidence has suggested that a minimum KM width (KMW) of 2 mm around the dental implants is critical to maintain peri-implant health and the long-term survival of dental implants.
Adults above the age of 18 years.
Presence of 2mm or less of keratinized tissue width
Sufficient alveolar ridge width minimum of 6 mm
Patients with good oral hygiene as evidenced by plaque index (PI)<1 and showing cooperation or compliance with treatment.
Patients diagnosed with periodontal diseases (Caton et al., 2018).
Acute active infection at implant sites
Patients with medical conditions that would compromise the surgical procedures; uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, taking intravenous bisphosphonates for treatment of osteoporosis and radiotherapy
Patients with parafunctional habits.