About this trial
The purpose of this study is to see how adding avocado to a breakfast meal affects blood sugar control and signals of hunger and fullness after eating.
The investigators will test the effects of 3 breakfast meals on blood sugar control and signals of hunger and fullness after eating:
1. Whole-wheat bread and strawberry jam 2. Whole-wheat bread, strawberry jam, and avocado 3. Whole-wheat bread and strawberry jam (meal enriched with fat and fiber to mimic that of an avocado)
Participants will undergo 3 test periods, each separated by a week. Each test period consists of one day with set meals that the investigators will provide (breakfast, lunch, and dinner), and then the next morning, participants will eat a breakfast meal and have blood drawn several times over 4 hours.
Eligibility criteria
This trial accepts healthy volunteersQualifiers
Biological sex males or females
Age 21 to 65 years
BMI between 18.5 and 34.9 kg/m2
Disqualifiers
Actively pregnant or lactating women
Diagnosis of prediabetes or diabetes (fasting glucose >100 mg/dL)
Current diagnosis of uncontrolled hypertension (systolic BP: >160 mmHg, diastolic BP: >95 mmHg), may receive treatment for hypertension as long as on a stable regimen for the previous one month
Current diagnosis of uncontrolled hyperlipidemia (fasting total blood cholesterol >200 mg/dL, fasting triglycerides >200 mg/dL), may receive treatment for hyperlipidemia as long as on a stable regimen for the previous one month
Trial design
Crossover
Treatments tested in this trial
Negative control
Other interventionParticipants will be given a breakfast meal with 76 grams of bread and 60 grams of jam per 2000 daily calories.
Avocado
Other interventionParticipants will be given a bread and jam breakfast (76 grams of bread and 60 grams of jam per 2000 daily calories) supplemented with 84 grams of avocado per 2000 daily calories.
Fat and fiber addition
Other interventionParticipants will be given a bread and jam breakfast (76 grams of bread and 60 grams of jam per 2000 daily calories) supplemented with 13 grams of fat (mix of high-oleic safflower oil, safflower oil, palm oil, and macadamia nut oil) and 5.5 grams of fiber (mix of cellulose and pectin) per 2000 daily calories.
Treatment groups
Trial outcomes
Primary outcomes
Diet-induced changes in postprandial glucose tolerance
Blood glucose and insulin concentrations will be measured.
Secondary outcomes
Diet-induced changes in postprandial satiety hormones
Blood ghrelin, peptide YY, glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), leptin, and adiponectin concentrations will be measured.
Sponsors and contacts
Click on the lead sponsor to view all of their trials.
University of Vermont Medical Center
Lead sponsor
Avocado Nutrition Center
Collaborator